A novel concept of carbon-filled polymer blends for applications in PEM fuel cell bipolar plates

Wu, Man; Shaw, Leon L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.08.005

Cited by 101 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It was suggested that the solvent sorption and resultant sensing behaviours were also influenced by the interface between the polymer blend phases. CNT-filled PET with the same nanotube loading [41,42]. In most studies a localisation of nanotubes in the thermodynamically preferred phase was observed as discussed e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It was reported that CNT-filled PA6/ABS blends with double percolation possess better mechanical properties than the equivalent ones filled with CB [40]. PET/PVDF/CNT composites exhibited better electrical and mechanical properties than CNT-filled PET with the same nanotube loading [41,42]. In most studies a localisation of nanotubes in the thermodynamically preferred phase was observed as discussed e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Pötschke

Kobashi

Villmow

et al. 2011

Composites Science and Technology

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. PP and PCL were tested separately for solvent sorption using ethanol and n-hexane, bothshowing a low sorption of n-hexane. Ethanol sorption was large for PCL and almost absent for PP. The 50/50 blend composites with 3 wt.% MWNT in the PCL phase presented larger resistance changes for n-hexane, showing larger sensing ability for this solvent compared to PCL composites with 1 and 3 wt.% loadings. The opposite response was observed for immersion in ethanol where the PCL-MWNT composites showed larger changes than the blends. As the ratio of the conductive PCL phase over PP in the blend composition (i.e., the overall MWNT content) decreased, larger resistance changes were observed. The liquid sensing properties of compression-moulded disks and melt-drawn filaments were compared indicating higher responses for the disks. Keywords:A. Carbon nanotubes, Nano composites, Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); In general, CPCs are seen as promising candidates for liquid sensing materials to detect, e.g., solvent leakages. Whereas a lot of knowledge has been generated for CB based composites and blends, not much is reported about liquid sensor materials containing CNTs. As CNT based composites have lower percolation thresholds as compared to those based on CB, composites and blends with lower filling grade can be used for sensing purposes. In addition, with the intention to use melt-spun fibers for textiles acting as liquid sensor materials, there are advantages of CNTs versus CB. The ability to draw fibers from carbon black filled systems is very limited, while with nanotubes the processability is much better. Thus, it seems to be interesting also to investigate composites and blends based on CNTs for liquid sensing purposes.For melt-processed biphasic polymer/ CB composites, Narkis et al. reported the liquid sensing behaviour of [30][31][32][33][34]. In the immiscible polymer blends containing CB, like PP/PA6/CB, HIPS/EVA/CB, and PP/TPU/CB, the liquid sensing behaviours depended on their components, composition, and composite morphologies, which could be influenced by the melt-processing method and mixing conditions. It was suggested that the solvent sorption and resultant sensing behaviours were also influenced by the interface between the polymer blend phases. CNT-filled PET with the same nanotube loading [41,42]. In most studies a localisation of nanotubes in the thermodynamically preferred phase was observed as discussed e.g. in a recent publication regarding the localisation of CNT in highly compatible but immiscible blends of polycarbonate (PC) and styrene-acrylon...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Pötschke

Kobashi

Villmow

et al. 2011

Composites Science and Technology

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“…As a result of such preferential distribution of CNTs, the CNT-filledPET/PVDF blend exhibits 2500% improvement in electrical conductivity, 36% increase in tensile strength, and 320% improvement in elongation over the CNT-filled PET with the same carbon loading. 17,18 Thus, the triple continuous, carbon-filled polymer blends have great potentials for manufacturing conductive polymers with superior conductivity and strength for bipolar plate applications of PEM fuel cells. The underlying principle for the simultaneously improved electrical conductivity and mechanical properties observed in the CNT-filled PET/PVDF blend has been identified to be related to the formation of the triple-continuous structure in the CNTfilled polymer blend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and mechanical behaviors of carbon nanotube‐filled polymer blends

Shaw

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Four carbon nanotube (CNT)-filled polymer blends, i.e., CNT-filled polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/ polyvinylidene fluoride, PET/nylon 6,6, PET/polypropylene, and PET/high-density polyethylene blends, have been injection-molded and characterized in terms of their microstructures, electrical conductivities, and mechanical properties. The distribution of CNTs in the polymer blends has been examined based on their wetting coefficients and minimization of the interfacial energy. The electrical conductivity and mechanical properties have been related to the cocontinuous polymer blends, the conductive path formed by CNTs, the CNT distribution, and the intrinsic properties of the constituent polymers. It is found that to obtain a CNT-filled polymer composite with both high electrical conductivity and good mechanical properties, it is preferred that most CNTs distribute in one polymer phase, while the other polymer phase(s) remain neat.

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“…To increase the electrical conductivity, polymers with high carbon powder loading have been explored. Carbon black compounds are typically loaded with 30% to 40% carbon black because CB-filled polymers have relatively low-bulk electrical conductivities, most of which were below 1 Scm -1 [34] . Del Rio et al used polyvinylidene (PVDF) and carbon black to achieve a conductivity of 2.36 Scm -1 , corresponding to PVDF with 40wt%CB at 30°C, for example [35] .…”

Section: Electrically Conductive Carbonaceous Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thermoplastic Composites for Bipolar Plate Materials in PEM Fuel Cells

Yeetsorn¹,

Fowler²,

Tzoganakis³

2011

Nanocomposites With Unique Properties and Applications in Medicine and Industry

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A novel concept of carbon-filled polymer blends for applications in PEM fuel cell bipolar plates

Cited by 101 publications

References 24 publications

Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Electrical and mechanical behaviors of carbon nanotube‐filled polymer blends

A Review of Thermoplastic Composites for Bipolar Plate Materials in PEM Fuel Cells

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