A Novel Cost-Effective Controller Placement Scheme for Software-Defined Vehicular Networks

Abstract

Energy costs have dramatically increased in data center networks as an increasing number of large-scale Internet applications are used. In software-defined vehicular networks (SDVN), the communication delay between two vehicles and between vehicles and the controller will dramatically climb up as the number of vehicles increases. This requires more controllers to provide communication service to minimize the latency. More controllers lead to high energy costs. Therefore, the number of controllers and their placement, the so-called controller placement problem (CPP), should be addressed. The appropriate placement of controllers can decrease the energy cost, enabling green communication in SDVN. Although CPP has been studied for static networks, it has not been effectively solved in highly dynamic and complex networks. In this paper, a novel cost-effective CPP scheme for SDVN is proposed. First, our proposed minimum controller selection mechanism (MOSA) can reduce the number of controllers and guarantee the coverage of the area. Besides, an improved multi-objective artificial bee colony algorithm (IMABC) is proposed based on the original artificial bee colony algorithm. The IMABC can judge which controller should be switched on for data transmission based on real-time traffic flow. A route computation mechanism is proposed to evaluate the performance of our CPP scheme. The experimental results confirm that compared to other existing CPP schemes, our scheme can achieve a higher packet delivery ratio while greatly reducing energy consumption and latency.

Controller placement problem during SDN deployment in the ISP/Telco networks: A survey

“…From their simulation results, Lin et al 116 concluded that the proposed robust controller placement heuristic algorithm with an integer linear programming (RCP‐ILP) enhances the robustness, the efficiency and load balancing of SDNs at the cost of least controllers placement against links failure.…”

Cost-Effective Survivable Controller Placement in Software-Defined Networks

“…In addition, they considered reducing latency in their work. Lin et al [23] proposed a new controller placement scheme to reduce costs for software-defined vehicular networks. In the proposed method, first, the minimum number of controllers is selected.…”

“…E itself contains the links connecting the controller to the switch and the controller to the controller indicated by the symbols E F and E S , respectively. Links are considered directional when the process of controller placement and Methods Objectives Latency Scalability Reliability Cost [7] The average latency and worst-case latency * --- [10] Integer linear programming * --* [11] Integer linear programming * -* - [12] The spectral clustering algorithm -* * - [13] Determining the failure rate --* - [14] Graph parsing algorithm * -* - [15] The spanning tree topology * --* [16] Using an efficient algorithm * --- [17] Cluster of multiple controllers * * * - [18] Tree subgraph * -* - [19] Hierarchical clustering * * * - [20] Integer linear programming * * -* [21] Using the clique algorithm * * * - [22] Varna optimization method * * * - [23] Bee colony algorithm * * -* [24] RetroFlow algorithm * -* - [25] Programmability guardian * * * - [26] Integer linear programming * -* - [27] Matchmaker assigning switches to them is called. In this way, the switches are connected to their controllers and the controllers are connected to each other.…”

“…In this section, the load-balancing rate for the controllers is calculated using (23). If the load-balancing rate increases, it indicates the load is balance in each controller.…”

Multi-Controllers Placement Optimization in SDN by the Hybrid HSA-PSO Algorithm

“…These single SDN controllers are mostly suitable for small coverage networks (i.e., local area networks) [6]. Some of the prior works exploit single SDN controllers for small coverage networks; however, they face single-point failure and scalability issues [7]. The use of a…”