A Novel Cytotoxic Steroidal Saponin from the Roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis

Abstract

A new steroidal saponin, 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5-ene-3β,22α,26-triol 3-O-(1−4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1−2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1−4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside [asparacochioside A (1)] was isolated from a hot water extract of the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis, together with the known steroidal saponins protodioscin (2), methyl protodioscin (3), aspacochioside A (4), aspacochioside C (5), 15−hydroxypseudoprotodioscin (6), and chamaedroside E (7). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined by interpretation of its spectroscopic data (1D- and 2D-NMR and HR−Q−TOF−MS) and sugar analysis. The isolated compounds 1−7 were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and SKOV3). Asparacochioside A (1) exhibited a significant cytotoxicity against both A2780 and SKOV3 cells with IC50 values of 5.25 ± 2.2 and 46.82 ± 9.43 μM, respectively. Furthermore, asparacochioside A (1) significantly increased the percentage of Annexin V-positive cells (apoptotic cells), suggesting that asparacochioside A induces ovarian cancer cell death via apoptosis.

Astersaponin I from Aster koraiensis is a natural viral fusion blocker that inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and syncytium formation

“…The dried roots of A. cochinchinensis (800 g) were extracted with distilled water (8 L) at 100 °C for 2 h, and the solvent was removed using rotary evaporator to give a hot water extract (300.0 g). The steroidal saponins tested in this study, protodioscin, methyl protodioscin, aspacochioside A, aspacochioside C, 15−hydroxypseudoprotodioscin, and chamaedroside E, were previously isolated from the hot water extract of A. cochinchinensis ( Kim et al, 2021a ) . The purities of all isolates were determined as >95% by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments.…”

Cytotoxic Properties of C17 Polyacetylenes from the Fresh Roots of Panax ginseng on Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells

“…A2780 and SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cell lines and RAW264.7 macrophages were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). The cell culture and MTT assay were performed using the method described previously [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Screening and Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Erdong Gao via Multiple-Target-Cell Extraction Coupled with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and Their Structure–Activity Relationship

“…Detection of chromatographic peaks was followed by HPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS analysis to identify components. The major components in EDG were identified or tentatively characterized via comparisons of the retention behaviors and mass fragment ion information with those in the previous references and those of available reference compounds [43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Finally, one hundred and twenty-four compounds, including ninety-seven steroidal saponins and twenty-two homoisoflavonoids were identified, which as shown in Figures 1 and S1 and Table S1.…”