A Novel Defect Estimation Approach in Wind Turbine Blades Based on Phase Velocity Variation of Ultrasonic Guided Waves

Raišutis, Renaldas; Tiwari, Kumar Anubhav; Žukauskas, Egidijus; Tumšys, Olgirdas; Draudvilienė, Lina

doi:10.3390/s21144879

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The main parameters are density (ρ) and elastic constants as Young's modulus (E) and Poisson's ratio (υ). Generally, the manufacturers provide the elastic properties of the individual layers, as presented in Table 1 [53]. Then, using the analytical or semianalytical methods, the Lamb waves dispersion features of the whole object are obtained.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Dispersion Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the effect of dispersion, the signal waveform is changed (Figure 7b-d), and the application of the conventional criterion is not appropriate. In spite of that, the Lamb wave velocity variation can be used to indicate a defect [53]. Taking that into account, the specific SPMs for the reconstruction of the dispersion curves and new criteria for the evaluation of the velocity variations should be developed, investigated, and proposed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Usefulness and Limitations of Ultrasonic Lamb Waves in Preventing the Failure of the Wind Turbine Blades

et al. 2022

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The Lamb waves are named one of the promising solutions for future wind turbine blade (WTB) failure prevention. The compliance with safety assurance of WTBs by detecting structural changes during the manufacture and performing their monitoring during the service life are effective tools for environmental sustainability. This work presents the basic characteristics of Lamb waves and highlights two main unusual limitations—the dispersion and an infinite number of modes—as a great challenge that complicates the application of such waves. This requires the investigation and development of new signal processing methods (SPMs) for conducting accuracy assessments according to the requirements of ISO 17025. The general principles for the accuracy assessment of the signal processing methods applied to evaluate the dispersion of Lamb waves are presented here, and a suitable procedure for estimation of errors and uncertainties is proposed. These should facilitate the verification analysis of any signal processing method used for the dispersion evaluation of Lamb waves. This information allows determining parameters that define the measurement reliability and facilitates the application and utilisation of the proposed methods and their choice. Moreover, it is a necessary prerequisite for setting reliable testing, inspecting, and monitoring standards for WTBs certification.

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Section: Calculation Of the Dispersion Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Usefulness and Limitations of Ultrasonic Lamb Waves in Preventing the Failure of the Wind Turbine Blades

et al. 2022

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“…Composite materials such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP) are widely used in aerospace components, wind turbine blades, and other engineering structures [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The use of multilayered CFRP materials has increased significantly in the aerospace sector due to the high strength-to-weight ratio and because these materials do not corrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Guided Waves to Improve Damage Detection and Localization in Multilayered CFRP Panel

et al. 2022

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Multilayered carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) are increasingly used in aircraft components because of their superior mechanical properties. However, composite materials are vulnerable to impact loads, resulting in delamination-type damage which, if unnoticed, could lead to catastrophic structural failure. The objective of this research was to investigate possibilities to improve damage detection and the localization using signal processing methods. Numerical modeling using the semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) method was performed to obtain guided wave dispersion curves and to perform modal analysis. From the modal analysis, mode for inspection of the composite with delamination type defects was selected. From the numerical simulation, mode interaction with delamination along the longitudinal direction was analyzed and the location of the defect was estimated by measuring the time of flight (ToF) of the signal using Hilbert transform (HT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The CWT has shown better results in estimating the delamination location compared with HT. The depth of delamination was characterized in the frequency domain by comparing the amplitude of the mode. Inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) is recommended to reconstruct the reflected and transmitted modes for better damage detection and to reduce the complexity of signal interpretation.

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“…Velocity measurements can be exploited both for material characterisation and damage detection, offering several benefits, such as validation of material properties, identification of wave-packets in complex guided wave signals, and sizing of defects [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guided Wave Phase Velocity Dispersion Reconstruction Based on Enhanced Phased Spectrum Method

Samaitis

Mažeika

2022

Materials

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Fibre-reinforced composite laminates are frequently used in various engineering structures, due to their increased weight-to-stiffness ratio, which allows to fulfil certain regulations of CO2 emissions. Limited inter-laminar strength makes composites prone to formation of various defects, which leads to progressive degradation of residual strength and fatigue life of the structure. Using ultrasonic guided waves is a common technique for assessing the structural integrity of composite laminates. Phase velocity is one of the fundamental characteristics of guided waves and can be used for defect detection, material property estimation, and evaluation of dispersion. In this paper, a phase velocity reconstruction approach, based on the phase-shift method, was proposed, which uses frequency sweep excitation to estimate velocity at specific frequency harmonics. In contrast to the conventional phase spectrum technique, the proposed approach is applicable to the narrowband piezoelectric transducers and suitable for the reconstruction of dispersion curves for direct, converted, and multiple co-existing modes with high accuracy. The proposed technique was validated with finite element simulations and experiments, both on isotropic and anisotropic structures, analysing the direct, converted, and overlapped modes. The results demonstrated that, using the proposed technique, the phase velocity dispersion can be reconstructed at −20 dB level bandwidth of the transducer, with a relative error of ±4%, compared to the theoretical velocity predictions.

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A Novel Defect Estimation Approach in Wind Turbine Blades Based on Phase Velocity Variation of Ultrasonic Guided Waves

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

The Usefulness and Limitations of Ultrasonic Lamb Waves in Preventing the Failure of the Wind Turbine Blades

The Usefulness and Limitations of Ultrasonic Lamb Waves in Preventing the Failure of the Wind Turbine Blades

Numerical Analysis of Guided Waves to Improve Damage Detection and Localization in Multilayered CFRP Panel

Guided Wave Phase Velocity Dispersion Reconstruction Based on Enhanced Phased Spectrum Method

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