With the rapid development of industrial Internet of Things, the secure transmission of nodes in Internet of Things is easily attacked by malicious nodes at all times, thereby causing a great threat to network performance and security of industrial Internet of Things. To improve the security and success rate of data transmission in industrial Internet of Things environment, this work proposes a data transmission scheme based on the weighted security partition model by considering the requirements of a hostile industrial environment. The weighted security partition of the nodes determines the secret distribution model. On this basis, a secure authentication scheme for network transmission is proposed for industrial Internet of Things to prevent the data from being tampered by malicious industrial nodes. Authority access control is added to the authentication scheme. The network access authority of users is used to eliminate the access of malicious users. Finally, the simulation experiments and performance evaluation are conducted and compared with other secure transmission algorithms. Results show that, by comparing to low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy and distributed data secure transmission, the transmission rate of the proposed algorithm has increased by 35% and 25%, and the lifetime has increased by 34.3% and 37.3%, respectively.