A Novel Electrochemical Micro Additive Manufacturing Method of Overhanging Metal Parts without Reliance on Support Structures

Brant, Anne; Sundaram, Murali

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2016.08.081

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nevertheless, a choice has been made to limit the Table 6 scope to proven and industrially viable technologies, even if not all of those are applicable to the metal alloys manufacture. Thus, emerging technologies such as Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing (ECAM) [129,538] was not included.…”

Section: Designing For Additive Manufacturing With Topology Optimisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology Optimisation in Structural Steel Design for Additive Manufacturing

2021

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Topology Optimisation is a broad concept deemed to encapsulate different processes for computationally determining structural materials optimal layouts. Among such techniques, Discrete Optimisation has a consistent record in Civil and Structural Engineering. In contrast, the Optimisation of Continua recently emerged as a critical asset for fostering the employment of Additive Manufacturing, as one can observe in several other industrial fields. With the purpose of filling the need for a systematic review both on the Topology Optimisation recent applications in structural steel design and on its emerging advances that can be brought from other industrial fields, this article critically analyses scientific publications from the year 2015 to 2020. Over six hundred documents, including Research, Review and Conference articles, added to Research Projects and Patents, attained from different sources were found significant after eligibility verifications and therefore, herein depicted. The discussion focused on Topology Optimisation recent approaches, methods, and fields of application and deepened the analysis of structural steel design and design for Additive Manufacturing. Significant findings can be found in summarising the state-of-the-art in profuse tables, identifying the recent developments and research trends, as well as discussing the path for disseminating Topology Optimisation in steel construction.

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Section: Designing For Additive Manufacturing With Topology Optimisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology Optimisation in Structural Steel Design for Additive Manufacturing

2021

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“…However, the additive manufacturing technology based on electrochemical deposition has attracted more and more attention in the manufacturing of complex line patterns, miniature metal parts and three-dimensional (3D) microstructures. Among them, the technology adopted and related researches mainly include Lithographie, Galvanoformung and Abformung (LIGA) and its derivative technology, localized electrochemical deposition (LECD) of conventional masks, localized spray electrochemical deposition of multi-layer template superposition and LECD without mask [7][8][9][10][11][12]. LECD is a micro-additive technology that does not require mask and support structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with other mature and mass-produced micronano fabrication technologies [13], LECD is a micro-nano metal structure fabrication technology that uses micro-nano anodes to confine and control the electrodeposition area [14]. As a rapidly developing emerging technology, the advantages of LECD include: it can be used to fabricate complex 3D structures with high aspect ratios, is applicable to a variety of materials, does not require harsh experimental environments and working conditions, and is low-cost [13,[15][16][17]. Therefore, LECD technology has received extensive attention in the industry and has a broad space for development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of an X-shaped micro-copper structure containing a merging joint based on localized electrochemical deposition

Wang

Pan

Tian

et al. 2023

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Local electrochemical deposition (LECD) has proved to be an efficient and economical method for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) micron structures. Realizing complex structures that join up when deposited using LECD has been complex; therefore, the fabrication of an X-shaped joining structure was investigated in this study. A horizontal trace model was proposed, and the effects of the number of deposition layers and the horizontal sweep width on the merging joint were studied. The horizontal trace model could complete the merging joint. Multiple deposition layers and a large horizontal sweep width could stabilize and better connect the X-shaped structure containing merging joints. The merging mechanism of the X-shaped structure was also investigated using COMSOL. The stable deposition of the joining structure enables the LECD method to have a broader range of applications in micro-nano manufacturing.

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“…Electrochemical deposition is a cost-effective and environment-efficient technology that can provide an alternative and powerful method of fabricating 3D microstructures [11][12][13][14][15]. The use of the micro electroforming process has important applications in manufacturing microfluidic chip molds, but this electrochemical deposition method still depends on a mask [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized electrodeposition micro additive manufacturing of pure copper microstructures

Ren

Lian

et al. 2021

Int. J. Extrem. Manuf.

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The fabrication of pure copper microstructures with submicron resolution has found a host of applications, such as 5G communications and highly sensitive detection. The tiny and complex features of these structures can enhance device performance during high-frequency operation. However, manufacturing pure copper microstructures remain challenging. In this paper, we present localized electrochemical deposition micro additive manufacturing (LECD-μAM). This method combines localized electrochemical deposition (LECD) and closed-loop control of atomic force servo technology, which can effectively print helical springs and hollow tubes. We further demonstrate an overall model based on pulsed microfluidics from a hollow cantilever LECD process and closed-loop control of an atomic force servo. The printing state of the micro-helical springs can be assessed by simultaneously detecting the Z-axis displacement and the deflection of the atomic force probe cantilever. The results showed that it took 361 s to print a helical spring with a wire length of 320.11 μm at a deposition rate of 0.887 μm s−1, which can be changed on the fly by simply tuning the extrusion pressure and the applied voltage. Moreover, the in situ nanoindenter was used to measure the compressive mechanical properties of the helical spring. The shear modulus of the helical spring material was about 60.8 GPa, much higher than that of bulk copper (∼44.2 GPa). Additionally, the microscopic morphology and chemical composition of the spring were characterized. These results delineate a new way of fabricating terahertz transmitter components and micro-helical antennas with LECD-μAM technology.

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A Novel Electrochemical Micro Additive Manufacturing Method of Overhanging Metal Parts without Reliance on Support Structures

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Topology Optimisation in Structural Steel Design for Additive Manufacturing

Topology Optimisation in Structural Steel Design for Additive Manufacturing

Fabrication of an X-shaped micro-copper structure containing a merging joint based on localized electrochemical deposition

Localized electrodeposition micro additive manufacturing of pure copper microstructures

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