A Novel Emulsion Flow Loop for Investigating the Corrosion of X65 Steel in Emulsions with H2S/CO2

Rihan, Rihan; Zafar, Muhammad Nauman; Al‐Hadhrami, Luai M.

doi:10.1007/s11665-016-2031-6

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, when the flow velocity increased more than 1.0 m s −1 , the mixing effect of stirring paddle on the corrosive medium was enhanced, oil film could be uniformly and stably covered on the sample surface under the stirring action of stirring paddles, which could reduce the corrosion reactivity of sample surface and played a certain protective effect to the metal substrate, the corrosion inhibiting mechanism is mainly geometric cover effect (Zafar et al , 2015; Rihan et al , 2016; Zafar et al , 2015). Therefore, under the combined action of flow velocity and crude oil, the corrosion rate does not increase but decreases gradually.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

Cheng

Bai

et al. 2019

ACMM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper was to investigate the corrosion behavior of X65 steel in the CO2/oil/water environment using mass loss method, potentiodynamic polarization technique and characterization of the corroded surface techniques. Design/methodology/approach The weight loss analysis, electrochemical study and surface investigation were carried out on X65 steel that had been immersed in the CO2/oil/water corrosive medium to understand the corrosion behavior of gathering pipeline steel. The weight loss tests were carried out in a 3L autoclave, and effects of flow velocity, CO2 partial pressure and water cut on the CO2 corrosion rate of X65 steel were studied. Electrochemical studies were carried out in a three-electrode electrochemical cell with the test temperature of 60°C and CO2 partial pressure of 1 atm by recording open circuit potential/time and potentiodynamic polarization characteristics. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of corrosion product scales were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The phases of corrosion product scales were investigated using X-ray diffraction. Findings The results showed that corrosion rates of X65 steel both increased at first and then decreased with the increase of flow velocity and CO2 partial pressure, and there were critical velocity and critical pressure in the simulated corrosive environment, below the critical value, the corrosion products formed on the steel surface were loose, porous and unstable, higher than the critical value, the corrosion product ?lms were dense, strong adhesion, and had a certain protective effect. Meanwhile, when the flow velocity exceeded the critical value, oil film could be adsorbed on the steel surface more evenly, corrosion reaction active points were reduced and the steel matrix was protected from being corroded and crude oil played a role of inhibitor, thus it influenced the corrosion rate. Above the critical CO2 partial pressure, the solubility of CO2 in crude oil increased, the viscosity of crude oil decreased and its fluidity became better, so that the probability of oil film adsorption increased, these factors led to the corrosion inhibition of X65 steel reinforced. The corrosion characteristics of gathering pipeline steel in the corrosive environment containing CO2 would change due to the presence of crude oil. Originality/value The results can be helpful in selecting the suitable corrosion inhibitors and targeted anti-corrosion measures for CO2/oil/water corrosive environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increase of water cut, corrosion rate increases. The corrosion rate decreases with increasing oil concentration due to the inertness of oil and the formation of an oily layer on the steel surface, which inhibits the steel dissolution (Sun et al , 2014; Zafar et al , 2015; Rihan et al , 2016; Zafar et al , 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

Cheng

Bai

et al. 2019

ACMM

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“…It has reported that the presence of oil can reduce the corrosion rate of steel via forming a protective oil film on the surface, acting as a barrier to restrict the corrosive species pathway (Sun et al , 2014; Zafar et al , 2015; Rihan et al , 2016), and the inhibition effect is influenced by the ratio of water phase, the composition and properties of crude oil, the type and stability of emulsion, etc. (Abd El-Lateef et al , 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on corrosion of 20# steel in oil-water stratified liquids based on wire beam electrode technique

Kou

Yang³

2022

ACMM

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Purpose Oil-water two-phase flow is the most prevalent medium in oil field gathering pipelines, and the corrosion of pipelines is often highly localized. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion behavior of 20# pipeline steel in the oil-water stratified liquids, vary the water content of the upper emulsion and study the difference of the corrosion process. Design/methodology/approach Combine the wire beam electrodes (WBE) technique and the corrosion weight loss method to investigate the corrosion behavior of 20# steel in produced water simulation fluid and oil-water stratified liquids, and a corrosion mechanism model was established for analysis and explanation. Findings The results of mass loss experiments showed that the average corrosion rate increased with the increase in the water content of the upper emulsion. The corrosion current distribution maps indicated that the most serious corrosion occurred in the produced water simulation liquid, and the corrosion process showed the law of waterline corrosion. In addition, it was also found that the corrosion of the WBE in the stratified liquids had obvious non-uniformities. The electrode wires at the oil-water interface suffered from severe corrosion, caused by the dissolution of crude oil acids in water and the uneven distribution of oxygen in the corrosive medium. Originality/value The WBE technique provides a deep insight into the corrosion phenomena at the oil-water interface, which is helpful for characterization of the non-uniformity of corrosion parameters and evaluating the risks of multiphase corrosive media.

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“…With the increase of water cut the corrosion rate of steel increases. The corrosion rate decreases with increasing oil concentration due to the inertness of oil and the formation of an oily layer on the steel surface, which inhibits the steel dissolution (Zafar et al, 2015a;Rihan et al, 2016;Zafar et al, 2015b;Li et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂-saturated oil/water environment of gathering and transportation pipeline

Cheng

Bai

Tang

et al. 2019

ACMM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion behavior of X65 steel in the CO2-saturated oil/water environment using mass loss method, potentiodynamic polarization technique and characterization of the corroded surface techniques. Design/methodology/approach The weight loss analysis, electrochemical study and surface investigation were carried out on X65 steel that had been immersed in the CO2/oil/water corrosive medium to understand the corrosion behavior of gathering and transportation pipeline steel. The weight loss tests were carried out in a 3 L autoclave, and effects of water cut and temperature on the CO2 corrosion rate of X65 steel were studied. Electrochemical studies were carried out in a three-electrode electrochemical cell with the test temperature was 60°C, and the CO2 partial pressure was 1 atm by recording open circuit potential/time and potentiodynamic polarization characteristics. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of corrosion product scales were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The phases of corrosion product scales were investigated using x-ray diffraction. Findings The results showed that due to the wetting and adsorption of crude oil, the corrosion morphology of X65 steel changed under different water cuts. When the water cut of crude oil was 40-50 per cent, uniform corrosion occurred on the steel surface, accompanied by local pitting. While the water cut was 70-80 per cent, the resulting corrosion product scales were thick, loose and partial shedding caused platform corrosion. When the water cut was 90 per cent, the damaged area of platform corrosion was enlarged. Crude oil can hinder the corrosion scales from being dissolved by the corrosive medium, and change dimension and accumulation pattern of the crystal grain, thickness and structure of the corrosion scales. Under the corrosion inhibition effect of crude oil, the temperature sensitive point of X65 steel corrosion process moved to low temperature, appeared at about 50°C, lower corrosion rate interval was broadened and the corrosion resistance of X65 steel was enhanced. Originality/value The results can be helpful in selecting the applicable corrosion inhibitors and targeted anti-corrosion measures for CO2-saturated oil/water corrosive environment.

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A Novel Emulsion Flow Loop for Investigating the Corrosion of X65 Steel in Emulsions with H2S/CO2

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

Experimental study on corrosion of 20# steel in oil-water stratified liquids based on wire beam electrode technique

Corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂-saturated oil/water environment of gathering and transportation pipeline

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A Novel Emulsion Flow Loop for Investigating the Corrosion of X65 Steel in Emulsions with H2S/CO2

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO2/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO2/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

Experimental study on corrosion of 20# steel in oil-water stratified liquids based on wire beam electrode technique

Corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO2-saturated oil/water environment of gathering and transportation pipeline

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Product

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The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

The corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂/oil/water environment of gathering pipeline

Corrosion behavior of X65 steel in CO₂-saturated oil/water environment of gathering and transportation pipeline