A novel enzyme with antioxidant capacity produced by the ubiquitous skin colonizer Propionibacterium acnes

Maria, Andrea De; Arve, Sabine; Brüggemann, Holger; Lood, Rolf

doi:10.1038/srep36412

Cited by 70 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Our findings support the view that a simple classification of pathogenicity based on the phylotype level, while convenient, is not adequate for the complex relationship between the bacteria and the host. In fact, recent studies found positive traits of C. acnes on the host supporting a potential symbiotic relationship (24,25). These findings highlight that further research is necessary to fully understand the positive and negative role of C. acnes in skin homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Safety and Efficacy of Topically Applied Selected Cutibacterium acnes Strains over Five Weeks in Patients with Acne Vulgaris: An Open-label, Pilot Study

Karoglan

Paetzold²,

Lima³

et al. 2019

Acta Derm Venereol

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This open-label, pilot study enrolled men and women (18years) with acne vulgaris. In 14 enrolled patients, skin microbiome composition shifted towards study formulations. No untoward tolerability, visible irritation, or significant flare-ups were observed. Non-inflamed lesions and skin pH were reduced. Modulation of Cutibacterium acnes towards the non-acne causing strains on the skin of patients with acne was safe. C. acnes was formerly thought to be the cardinal cause of acne; however, recently some, but not all, strains of C. acnes were found to be responsible. This microbiome modulation approach as therapy requires validation in future clinical studies. Imbalance in skin microflora, particularly related to certain Cutibacterium acnes strains, may trigger acne. Application of non-acne-causing strains to the skin may modulate the skin microbiome and thereby lead to a reduction in acne. This pilot study evaluates the safety and efficacy of microbiome modulation on acneprone skin. The study had 2 phases: active induction (5% benzoyl peroxide gel, 7 days) and interventional C. acnes strains treatment (5 weeks). Patients were randomized to either topical skin formulations PT1 (2 strains of C. acnes Single Locus Sequence Typing [SLST] type C3 and K8, 50% each) or PT2 (4 strains of C. acnes SLST type C3 [55%], K8 [5%], A5 [30%] and F4 [10%]). Safety and efficacy was evaluated in 14 patients (PT1=8/14, PT2=6/14). Skin microbiome composition shifted towards study formulations. No untoward adverse events, visible irritation, or significant flare-up were observed. Non-inflamed lesions and skin pH were reduced. Comedone counts improved clinically with no deterioration in inflammatory lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Safety and Efficacy of Topically Applied Selected Cutibacterium acnes Strains over Five Weeks in Patients with Acne Vulgaris: An Open-label, Pilot Study

Karoglan

Paetzold²,

Lima³

et al. 2019

Acta Derm Venereol

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“…On one hand, P . acnes is known to produce propionate, a short chain fatty acid which can promote regulatory T cell in the colon [ 52 ], as well as RoxP (radical oxygenase of Propionibacterium acnes ), which can potentially reduce oxidative stress and prevent skin inflammation [ 53 ]. In contrast, certain strains of P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis and potential role in Th17 polarization

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPsoriasis impacts 1–3% of the world’s population and is characterized by hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes and increased inflammation. At the molecular level, psoriasis is commonly driven by a Th17 response, which serves as a major therapeutic target. Microbiome perturbations have been associated with several immune-mediated diseases such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, and multiple sclerosis. Although a few studies have investigated the association between the skin microbiome and psoriasis, conflicting results have been reported plausibly due to the lack of standardized sampling and profiling protocols, or to inherent microbial variability across human subjects and underpowered studies. To better understand the link between the cutaneous microbiota and psoriasis, we conducted an analysis of skin bacterial communities of 28 psoriasis patients and 26 healthy subjects, sampled at six body sites using a standardized protocol and higher sequencing depth compared to previous studies. Mouse studies were employed to examine dermal microbial-immune interactions of bacterial species identified from our study.ResultsSkin microbiome profiling based on sequencing the 16S rRNA V1–V3 variable region revealed significant differences between the psoriasis-associated and healthy skin microbiota. Comparing the overall community structures, psoriasis-associated microbiota displayed higher diversity and more heterogeneity compared to healthy skin bacterial communities. Specific microbial signatures were associated with psoriatic lesional, psoriatic non-lesional, and healthy skin. Specifically, relative enrichment of Staphylococcus aureus was strongly associated with both lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin. In contrast, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes were underrepresented in psoriatic lesions compared to healthy skin, especially on the arm, gluteal fold, and trunk. Employing a mouse model to further study the impact of cutaneous Staphylcoccus species on the skin T cell differentiation, we found that newborn mice colonized with Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated strong Th17 polarization, whereas mice colonized with Staphylococcus epidermidis or un-colonized controls showed no such response.ConclusionOur results suggest that microbial communities on psoriatic skin is substantially different from those on healthy skin. The psoriatic skin microbiome has increased diversity and reduced stability compared to the healthy skin microbiome. The loss of community stability and decrease in immunoregulatory bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes may lead to higher colonization with pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, which could exacerbate cutaneous inflammation along the Th17 axis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0533-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Total RNA from P. acnes (KPA171202 (type IB), and 12.1.L1 (type IA)) grown under anaerobic conditions to the exponential and stationary growth phase in BHI medium at 37 °C was prepared as described previously [ 43 ]. The cDNA libraries were constructed by Vertis Biotechnology AG, Freising, Germany, as previously described [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes Employs Two Variants of Hyaluronate Lyase with Distinct Properties

et al. 2017

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Hyaluronic acid (HA) and other glycosaminoglycans are extracellular matrix components in the human epidermis and dermis. One of the most prevalent skin microorganisms, Propionibacterium acnes, possesses HA-degrading activity, possibly conferred by the enzyme hyaluronate lyase (HYL). In this study, we identified the HYL of P. acnes and investigated the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Investigations include the generation of a P. acnes hyl knockout mutant and HYL activity assays to determine the substrate range and formed products. We found that P. acnes employs two distinct variants of HYL. One variant, HYL-IB/II, is highly active, resulting in complete HA degradation; it is present in strains of the phylotypes IB and II. The other variant, HYL-IA, has low activity, resulting in incomplete HA degradation; it is present in type IA strains. Our findings could explain some of the observed differences between P. acnes phylotype IA and IB/II strains. Whereas type IA strains are primarily found on the skin surface and associated with acne vulgaris, type IB/II strains are more often associated with soft and deep tissue infections, which would require elaborate tissue invasion strategies, possibly accomplished by a highly active HYL-IB/II.

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A novel enzyme with antioxidant capacity produced by the ubiquitous skin colonizer Propionibacterium acnes

Cited by 70 publications

References 49 publications

Safety and Efficacy of Topically Applied Selected Cutibacterium acnes Strains over Five Weeks in Patients with Acne Vulgaris: An Open-label, Pilot Study

Safety and Efficacy of Topically Applied Selected Cutibacterium acnes Strains over Five Weeks in Patients with Acne Vulgaris: An Open-label, Pilot Study

Alteration of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis and potential role in Th17 polarization

The Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes Employs Two Variants of Hyaluronate Lyase with Distinct Properties

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