A novel field measurement method for determining fine particle and gas emissions from residential wood combustion

Tissari, Jarkko; Hytönen, Kati; Lyyränen, Jussi; Jokiniemi, Jorma

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.018

Cited by 121 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In-situ measurements in Australia (Meyer et al 2008) reported an emissions factor of 10.6 g kg -1 , McCrillis (2000) found that PM 1 constituted between 60% and 90% of the total particulate catch in EPA 5H and 5G tests with PM 10 averaging 94% of the total. Therefore results from Tissari et al (2007) are comparable to the range of New Zealand results. Tissari et al (2007) found that in field studies the emission levels were about up to 3 times those in laboratory studies, which is also consistent with New Zealand findings, Scott (2005) found real-life values up to five times those of simulated real-life and 16 times the type approval tests.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Therefore results from Tissari et al (2007) are comparable to the range of New Zealand results. Tissari et al (2007) found that in field studies the emission levels were about up to 3 times those in laboratory studies, which is also consistent with New Zealand findings, Scott (2005) found real-life values up to five times those of simulated real-life and 16 times the type approval tests.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The average emissions factors from the NES compliant woodstoves, the so-called low emissions woodstoves, are indeed lower than the older woodstoves, but the variation is greater amongst them. Tissari et al (2007) report a range of 0.6 g kg -1 to 2.7 g kg -1 for PM 1 measured from seven different types of wood stove in real-life. In-situ measurements in Australia (Meyer et al 2008) reported an emissions factor of 10.6 g kg -1 , McCrillis (2000) found that PM 1 constituted between 60% and 90% of the total particulate catch in EPA 5H and 5G tests with PM 10 averaging 94% of the total.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory set-ups are generally large and cannot be transferred to the field, and many of the instruments used do not work well in poor environmental conditions. Consequently, real-life measurements of wood-smoke are rare (Tissari et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of the Variability of Particulate Emissions from Woodstoves in New Zealand

Coulson

Bian

Somervell

2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Woodburning is the dominant source of PM 10 in most of New Zealand, and the principal cause of exceedances of the national air quality 24-hr standard (50 µg m -3 ). Over the last decade New Zealand researchers have used multiple techniques to characterise woodstove emissions, including seven campaigns to measure real-life PM 10 emissions from in-situ woodstoves. All measurements have shown considerable variation, both within and between campaigns. PM 10 emission factors from in-situ tests exhibit a log-normal distribution with a geometric mean (± standard deviation) of 9.8 g kg -1(± 2.4 g kg -1 ) and 3.9 g kg -1 (± 3.8 g kg -1 ) (dry wood) for older and low-emission stoves respectively. Since the distribution is log-normal we recommend the use of geometric mean rather than arithmetic mean as the emissions factor used for inventories. This paper examines the variability of PM 10 emissions from woodstoves using a Kernel Density Estimate to compare the distributions within and between campaigns and correlations between coefficients of variations (c.v.) to see whether the variation in emissions factors could be reduced by the collection of further measurements to increase the size of the total dataset. We conclude that variation in emissions is inherent in the way woodstoves are used in real-life and that regulators will need to allow for a range of emissions in management plans as a definitive emission factor may not be possible.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Investigation of the Variability of Particulate Emissions from Woodstoves in New Zealand

Coulson

Bian

Somervell

2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Instead, emissions of some PAHs measured by Hedberg et al (2002) were higher than the emissions from SC in the present study. Emission values published by McDonald et al (2000) and Schauer et al (2001) are somewhat lower compared to the emissions from NC, as are also the emissions from different batch combustion appliances excluding sauna stove measured in the field by Tissari et al (2007). Considering the methods used in other studies, Hays et al (2003) analyzed PAHs from the stages of electrical low pressure impactor, ELPI (Dekati Ltd.), whereas Hedberg et al (2002), McDonald et al (2000), Schauer et al (2001), and Tissari et al (2007) all sampled with a filter followed by a PUF adsorbent or PUF/XAD/PUF adsorbent.…”

Section: Pah Emission Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gas–Particle Distribution of PAHs in Wood Combustion Emission Determined with Annular Denuders, Filter, and Polyurethane Foam Adsorbent

Hytönen

Yli‐Pirilä

Tissari

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Equipment consisting of annular denuders, a filter, and a polyurethane foam adsorbent was used for sampling 15 PAHs from the diluted emission from a heat-storing masonry heater. The denuder method was compared to the ISO 11338 method which was used for the sampling from hot and undiluted exhaust gas. The denuder method used with the exhaust dilution gave a realistic gas-particle distribution of PAHs in more atmospheric-like conditions compared to the sampling from undiluted exhaust gas where PAHs were almost totally in the gas phase. The results gained with the denuder method from the diluted exhaust are more relevant, e.g., from exposure and atmospheric processes point of view. The emissions from smoldering combustion conditions (SC) were compared with the emissions from normal combustion conditions (NC). The emission of each PAH was 7 to 14 times higher from SC than from NC, and the gas-particle distribution was shifted towards the particle phase due to increased condensation of PAHs. The PAHs could be divided into three groups based on their phase distributions. In the first group, PAHs existed mostly in the gas phase in both combustion cases; the vapor pressures of PAHs were lower than the saturation vapor pressures. In the second group, the gas phase was saturated and the concentration was almost the same in both combustion cases, whereas the particle phase concentration was higher in SC. In the third group, PAHs were

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Exhaust Gas Purification at Small‐Scale Biomass Combustion and Experimental Investigation of a Combination of Catalytic and Electrostatic Exhaust Aftertreatment

Bindig

Hartmann

Christian

et al. 2011

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Kleinfeuerungsanlagen, die mit fester Biomasse betrieben werden, können in nicht unerheblichem Umfang toxische bzw. gesundheitsgefährdende Schadgase sowie Feinstaub emittieren. Eine repräsentative Auswahl der am Markt verfügbaren oder in aktuellen Forschungsprojekten in der Entwicklung befindlichen sekundären Emissionsminderungstechniken wird vorgestellt. Zurzeit ist kein System zur sekundären Emissionsminderung am Markt verfügbar, das den Ausstoß sowohl gasförmiger als auch fester bzw. kondensierter Luftschadstoffe wirksam vermindert. Eine Recherche zum Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik zeigt, dass elektrostatische Abscheider in Kombination mit der katalytischen Abgasreinigung eine aussichtsreiche sekundäre Technik darstellen. Experimentelle Arbeiten zur Untersuchung einer solchen Kombination werden vorgestellt.

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A novel field measurement method for determining fine particle and gas emissions from residential wood combustion

Cited by 121 publications

References 20 publications

An Investigation of the Variability of Particulate Emissions from Woodstoves in New Zealand

An Investigation of the Variability of Particulate Emissions from Woodstoves in New Zealand

Gas–Particle Distribution of PAHs in Wood Combustion Emission Determined with Annular Denuders, Filter, and Polyurethane Foam Adsorbent

Exhaust Gas Purification at Small‐Scale Biomass Combustion and Experimental Investigation of a Combination of Catalytic and Electrostatic Exhaust Aftertreatment

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