A Novel Gammapartitivirus That Causes Changes in Fungal Development and Multi-Stress Tolerance to Important Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps chanhua

Abstract

Cicada flower, scientifically named Cordyceps chanhua, is an important and well-known Chinese cordycipitoid medicinal mushroom. Although most mycoviruses seem to induce latent infections, some mycoviruses cause host effects. However, the effects of mycovirus on the fungal development and stress tolerance of C. chanhua remain unknown. In this study, we report a novel mycovirus designated Cordyceps chanhua partitivirus 1 (CchPV1) from C. chanhua isolate RCEF5997. The CchPV1 genome comprises dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2, 1784 and 1563 bp in length, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis using the aa sequences of RdRp revealed that CchPV1 grouped with members of the genus Gammapartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. We further co-cultivated on PDA donor strain RCEF5997 and recipient C. chanhua strain RCEF5833 (Vf) for 7 days, and we successfully obtained an isogenic line of strain RCEF5833 with CchPV1 (Vi) through single-spore isolation, along with ISSR marker and dsRNA extraction. The biological comparison revealed that CchPV1 infection slows the growth rate of the host, but increases the conidiation and formation of fruiting bodies of the host. Furthermore, the assessment of fungal tolerance demonstrated that CchPV1 weakens the multi-stress tolerance of the host. Thus, CchPV1 infection cause changes in fungal development and multi-stress tolerance of the host C. chanhua. The findings of this study elucidate the effects of gammapartitivirus on host entomogenous fungi and provide a novel strategy for producing high-quality fruiting bodies of C. chanhua.

A novel partitivirus conferring hypovirulence by affecting vesicle transport in the fungus Colletotrichum

“…( 21 ), Metarhizium majus ( 22 ), and Beauveria bassiana ( 15 ). In addition, some mycoviruses can regulate the metabolite production, multistress tolerance, and drug resistance of their host fungi ( 11 , 23 , 24 ). Overall, although most mycoviruses have no recognizable effect on their host fungi, they might have some still unexplored roles in complex symbiosis, at least from an ecological perspective ( 9 ).…”

Transmission of Oyster Mushroom Spherical Virus to Progeny via Basidiospores and Horizontally to a New Host Pleurotus floridanus

“…In A. bisporus , mushroom virus X (MVX) was demonstrated to be transmitted horizontally via hyphal anastomosis from an MVX-infected strain to five other MVX-free strains [ 21 ]. Additionally, the horizontal transmission of Cordyceps chanhua partitivirus 1 (CchPV1) was observed in C. chanhua , spreading from strain RCEF5997 to RCEF5833 [ 22 ].…”

Oyster Mushroom Spherical Virus Crosses the Species Barrier and Is Pathogenic to a New Host Pleurotus pulmonarius

“…Mutualism is also common between mycoviruses and their hosts [ 3 , 4 ]. Many edible mushroom species are infected with mycoviruses, including Agaricus bisporus , Lentinula edodes , Pleurotus ostreatus , Flammulina velutipes , Pleurotus eryngii , Agrocybe aegerita , Boletus edulis , Volvariella volvacea , Grifola frondose , Armillaria species., Auricularia heimuer , Bondarzewia berkeleyi , Picoa juniperi , Leucocybe candicans , Cordyceps chanhua , and Pleurotus citrinopileatus [ 1 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. These mycoviruses can enhance or diminish various symptoms in the host fungi, including changes in morphology, sporulation, pigmentation, radial growth, and/or biomass production [ 20 , 21 ].…”

“…In A. bisporus , the mushroom virus X (MVX) can spread horizontally via hyphal anastomosis from an infected strain to five other virus-free strains [ 29 ]. Recently, a novel mycovirus Cordyceps chanhua partitivirus 1 (CchPV1) in C. chanhua was reported to be transmitted horizontally from strain RCEF5997 to strain RCEF5833 [ 18 ]. In our previous studies, OMSV was transmitted horizontally from an OMSV-infected strain to the cured strain [ 30 ].…”