A novel high-throughput setup for<i>in situ</i>powder diffraction on coin cell batteries

Herklotz, Markus; Weiß, Jonas; Ahrens, Eike; Yavuz, Metin; Mereacre, Liuda; Kiziltas-Yavuz, Nilu ̈fer; Dräger, Christoph; Ehrenberg, Helmut; Eckert, J.; Fauth, François; Giebeler, Lars; Knapp, Michael

doi:10.1107/s1600576715022165

Cited by 85 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In an 8-fold coin cell holder5455, a modified coin cell (CR2025) with a self-made Kapton window on both electrode sides was used for the in-operando XRD measurements. Figure 13 shows the complete setup including the 8-fold coin cell holder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

Krause

Dörfler

Piwko

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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We show full Li/S cells with the use of balanced and high capacity electrodes to address high power electro-mobile applications. The anode is made of an assembly comprising of silicon nanowires as active material densely and conformally grown on a 3D carbon mesh as a light-weight current collector, offering extremely high areal capacity for reversible Li storage of up to 9 mAh/cm2. The dense growth is guaranteed by a versatile Au precursor developed for homogenous Au layer deposition on 3D substrates. In contrast to metallic Li, the presented system exhibits superior characteristics as an anode in Li/S batteries such as safe operation, long cycle life and easy handling. These anodes are combined with high area density S/C composite cathodes into a Li/S full-cell with an ether- and lithium triflate-based electrolyte for high ionic conductivity. The result is a highly cyclable full-cell with an areal capacity of 2.3 mAh/cm2, a cyclability surpassing 450 cycles and capacity retention of 80% after 150 cycles (capacity loss <0.4% per cycle). A detailed physical and electrochemical investigation of the SiNW Li/S full-cell including in-operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements reveals that the lower degradation is due to a lower self-reduction of polysulfides after continuous charging/discharging.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

Krause

Dörfler

Piwko

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…If it is not sufficient, a transparent membrane should be involved . The cell designed for the subsequent measurements is evoked in reference …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of a Pseudo‐Capacitive Behavior Combined with an Insertion/Extraction Reaction Upon Cycling of the Positive Electrode Material P2‐Na_xCo_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ for Sodium‐ion Batteries

et al. 2019

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Layered oxides are promising materials due to their easy diffusion path for alkali metals. Specifically, Na x CoO 2 can be regarded as an appealing candidate for next-generation sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but the multiple steps revealed in the potential vs capacity curve have restricted its use. Herein, we report Na x Co 0.9 Ti 0.1 O 2 , synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state method, where 10 % of cobalt was substituted with titanium. Obviously, the number of potential steps found in the galvanostatic curves of Na x CoO 2 has been reduced. The electrode material exhibits an initial charge capacity of 108 mAh/g within the potential window 2-4.2 V (vs. Na + /Na). The intercalation/deintercalation of Na x Co 0.9 Ti 0.1 O 2 was investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), and the results demonstrated a combined solid solution and pseudocapacitive mechanism, where the pseudocapacitive behavior is predominant in the region from 3.73 V (charge) to 3.79 V (discharge). Finally, in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has revealed an increasing impedance, specifically when inserting sodium into the structure.

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“…Powder samples were measured under a glass capillary geometry (0.5 mm in diameter). The details of the in operando setup can be found elsewhere . The diffraction data were analyzed by the Rietveld method using the Fullprof software package .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and Structural Investigation of Calcium Substituted Monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

Liu

Sarapulova

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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electrical devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, and digital electronics. [1] However, improvement is still required to make this technology also suitable for the large-scale grid, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), and pure electric vehicles (PEV), where high energy density is on demand. In order to further increase the energy density, it is urgent to develop positive electrode materials with high potential and high capacity and negative electrode materials with high capacity. [2] In addition, the materials should deliver high power and good cycling stability.Thanks to its high operating potential, high thermal stability, and low synthetic costs, lithium vanadium phosphate, Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (LVP), has recently attracted much attention as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. [2b,3] Its high power ability (due to its high diffusion coefficient) and exceptional stability make this material very attractive also in hybrid supercapacitor devices. [4] LVP has two different crystal structures: [5] the rhombohedral structure, with the space group R-3 and the monoclinic one, with the space group P2 1 /n.The rhombohedral LVP (NASICONtype) consists of [VO 6 ] octahedra and [PO 4 ] tetrahedra connected through shared corners, forming [V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] "lantern" units, stacked along the [001] direction, where lithium ions lie to a unique 4-fold coordinated crystallographic site. Due to the In this work, the effect of Li + substitution in Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 with a large divalent ion (Ca 2+ ) toward lithium insertion is studied. A series of materials, with formula Li 3−2x Ca x V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C (x = 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5) is synthesized and studied in the potential region 3-0.01 V versus Li + /Li. Synchrotron diffraction demonstrates that Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C has a monoclinic structure (space group P2 1 /n), while Ca 1.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C possesses a rhombohedral structure (space group R-3c). The intermediate compounds, Li 2 Ca 0.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C and LiCaV 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C, are composed of two main phases, including monoclinic Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C and rhombohedral Ca 1.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C. Cyclic voltammetry reveals five reduction and oxidation peaks on Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C and Li 2 Ca 0.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C electrodes. In contrast, LiCaV 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C and Ca 1.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C have no obvious oxidation and reduction peaks but a box-type voltammogram. This feature is the signature for capacitive-like mechanism, which involves fast electron transfer on the surface of the electrode. Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C undergoes two solid-solution and a short two-phase reaction during lithiation and delithiation processes, whereas Ca 1.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C only goes through capacitive-like mechanism. In operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that, in both Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C and Ca 1.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C, V ions are reduced during the insertion of the first three Li ions. This study demonstrates that the electrochemical characteristic of polyanionic phosphates can be easily tuned by r...

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A novel high-throughput setup forin situpowder diffraction on coin cell batteries

Cited by 85 publications

References 40 publications

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

Evidence of a Pseudo‐Capacitive Behavior Combined with an Insertion/Extraction Reaction Upon Cycling of the Positive Electrode Material P2‐Na_xCo_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ for Sodium‐ion Batteries

Electrochemical and Structural Investigation of Calcium Substituted Monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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A novel high-throughput setup forin situpowder diffraction on coin cell batteries

Cited by 85 publications

References 40 publications

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability

Evidence of a Pseudo‐Capacitive Behavior Combined with an Insertion/Extraction Reaction Upon Cycling of the Positive Electrode Material P2‐NaxCo0.9Ti0.1O2 for Sodium‐ion Batteries

Electrochemical and Structural Investigation of Calcium Substituted Monoclinic Li3V2(PO4)3 Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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Evidence of a Pseudo‐Capacitive Behavior Combined with an Insertion/Extraction Reaction Upon Cycling of the Positive Electrode Material P2‐Na_xCo_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ for Sodium‐ion Batteries

Electrochemical and Structural Investigation of Calcium Substituted Monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries