A novel human nonviral retroposon derived from an endogenous retrovirus

Ono, M.; Kawakami, M; Takezawa, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1093/nar/15.21.8725

Cited by 94 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…S INE-R retroposons were derived from the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the HERV-K family (Ono et al, 1987). Using the bioinformatic tool, we examined that a schizo-cDNA clone derived from the postmortem tissue of the frontal cortex of an individual suffering from schizophrenia (GenBank, accession no.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those retroviral elements contained a hormone-responsive element (TGTTAT) and enhancer core (GTGCTAAG) sequences. SINE-R retroposons have a pofypurine tract (PPT) that serves as a primer binding site for plus-strand DNA synthesis from retrovirally mediated reverse transcription (Ono et al, 1987). Akopov et al (1998) noted that such sequences have the capacity to modify the expression of neighboring genes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SINE-R retroposons were amplified by the primer pair JS902 (5'-GAGAATGGGCCATGATG-AC-3', bases 4-22) and JS9O3 (5'-GATCATTCTTGG-ATGTTTCT-3', bases 466-485) from schizophrenic brain Sll cDNA clone (GenBank, accession no. AA772777), which has a high level of sequence homology with SINE-R.C2, 11, 14, 19, and HS307/ HS408 elements (Ono et al, 1987;Zhu et al, 1994;Kim et al, 1999b). The PCR conditions were those of Kim et al (1996) with an annealing temperature of 56°C.…”

Section: Pcr Amplification For Sine-r Retroposonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SINE-R retroposons have been derived from the HERV-K family (Ono et al, 1987;Kim et al, 1999b). SME-R11, 14, and 19 were isolated by colony blot hybridization using the long terminal repeat and small upstream flanking regions of HERV-KIO as probe (Ono et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Isolation and phytogeny of SINE‐R retroposons derived from human endogenous retrovirus HERV‐K family in schizophrenia

Kim

Crow

2002

Korean Journal of Biological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pcr Amplification For Sine-r Retroposonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Isolation and phytogeny of SINE‐R retroposons derived from human endogenous retrovirus HERV‐K family in schizophrenia

Kim

Crow

2002

Korean Journal of Biological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…SINE-R retroposons are amplified by the primer pair JS902 (5'-GAGAATGGGCCATGATGAC-3', bases 4-22) and JS903 (5'-GATCATTCTTGGATGTTTCT-3', bases 466-485) from schizophrenic brain S11 cDNA (GenBank, accession no. AA772777) which has a high degree of sequence homology with SINE-R.C2, 11, 14, 19, HS307/HS408 and the long terminal repeats of human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K10 (Ono et al, 1987;Kim et al, 1999b). The PCR conditions followed were those of Kim et al (1996) with an annealing temperature of 56°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of a retroposon family as represented on the human X chromosome.

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SINE-R elements constitute a class of retroposons derived from the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K family that are present in hominoid primates and active in the human genome. In an investigation of the X chromosome, we identified twenty-five SINE-R elements with between 89.6 and 97.7% homology with the SINE-R.C2 element that is human specific, originally identified in the gene for the C2 component of complement. SINE-R.C2 and a sequence HS307 that we previously identified in a region of Xq21.3 that has a recently created homology with a 4 Mb block in Yp11.2 are amongst the group of elements that have diverged furthest from the parent HERV-K10 sequence. The sequences on the X chromosome resemble those that we previously described on chromosomes 7 and 17 and the Y chromosome, with a similar range of variation. Phylogenetic analysis from the retroposon family including those of African great apes using the neighbor-joining method suggests that the SINE-R retroposon family have evolved independently during primate evolution. Further investigation of SINE-R elements on the sex chromosomes, particularly in recently created regions of X-Y homology, may cast light on the timing of the retroposition process and its possible relevance to recent evolutionary change.

show abstract

Genome Organisation: Human

Kass

Batzer

2021

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human nuclear genome is organised into a highly complex arrangement of two sets of 23 chromosomes comprised of various types of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. With less than 2% of the human genome consisting of protein‐encoding DNA sequence, the remainder of the 3 × 10 9 bp of the haploid genome consists of a multifaceted assortment of DNA sequence classifications. At the broadest level, the genome can be divided into single‐copy protein‐encoding genes, repetitive sequences and spacer DNA. Notably, the categories of repetitive sequences are profoundly intricate and may be further classified into functional or functionally related groups such as gene families and superfamilies, or groups with no known function such as satellite DNA and transposable elements. Their genomic organisation may be dispersed, within localised regions, and/or tandemly repeated. The generation of repetitive sequences results from a variety of mechanisms continually promoting a genome that is highly dynamic. Key Concepts The human genome is highly complex and dynamic. Only 2–4% of the three billion base pairs of the human genome consists of protein‐encoding genes, of which only a portion of that is translated into amino acids with some of the sequence being involved in regulation of gene expression. The human genome consists of single or low‐copy genes, moderately repetitive sequences and highly repetitive sequences initially determined utilising reassociation kinetics, with all three categories of DNA found throughout the genome. G‐band staining of chromosomes yield karyograms that define characteristic properties and organisation of the genome. Repetitive DNA sequences comprise a large proportion of the genome and may be dispersed and/or in tandem arrays. The repetitive sequences in the genome may be functional or serve no known function. Functional repetitive sequences may encode protein or RNA molecules. A large fraction of DNA sequences in the human genome have been generated via mechanisms such as unequal crossing over yielding either functional, or nonfunctional pseudogene, copies typically adjacent to each other, as well as by reverse transcription which yields retrocopies dispersed throughout the genome. Functional tandem repeats of DNA sequences are localised in certain chromosomal regions, for example the rRNA genes within nucleolar organiser regions (NORs), providing numerous copies of genes typically having general functions (e.g. protein synthesis). Telomeres are the sequences at the ends of the chromosomes that consist of tandemly repeated sequences associated with stability and maintenance of chromosome size after cell division.

show abstract

A novel human nonviral retroposon derived from an endogenous retrovirus

Cited by 94 publications

References 21 publications

Isolation and phytogeny of SINE‐R retroposons derived from human endogenous retrovirus HERV‐K family in schizophrenia

Isolation and phytogeny of SINE‐R retroposons derived from human endogenous retrovirus HERV‐K family in schizophrenia

Phylogenetic analysis of a retroposon family as represented on the human X chromosome.

Genome Organisation: Human

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About