A novel integrated radar sounder simulation technique for modelling large and small-scale surface scattering phenomena.

Sbalchiero, Elisa; Thakur, Sanchari; Cortellazzi, Marco; Bruzzone, Lorenzo

doi:10.1117/12.2599760

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We use the FDTD method for modeling the two contributions given by the effects of small-scale roughness: i) the small-scale scattering imposed on the layers, and ii) the intra-layer roughness factor due to the transmission through a rough layer. The first contribution given by the rough layers is modeled as described in, 17 applying the described procedure at each layer of the multi-layer scenario. In this case, a typical large-scale MCS scenario is considered.…”

Section: Proposed Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field emitted from the in-centre of the planar facet surface, either by direct reflection or transmission from a deeper subsurface layer, is calculated using the Huygens' principle. Exploiting the Huygens' principle, the rangeline u raw,M CS is calculated at spacecraft position r r as the sum of all contributions from the different planar facets illuminated by the antenna footprint (derived from 16,17 ):…”

Section: Small-scale Roughness Contribution On Top Planar Facetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For addressing the need for methodologies capable of providing more reliable simulations, recently we introduced an approach that integrates small-scale roughness in large-scale simulations. 17 The integrated RS simulation technique 17 is designed for combining the advantages of the two aforementioned techniques for modeling both large-scale and small-scale surface scattering phenomena at relatively low computational costs. However, the current version of the method is limited to the integration of the small-scale roughness effects into the signal reflected from the surface layer only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we extend the capability of the previous single-layer integrated simulation methodology 17 to a multi-layer scenario. The FDTD method is used for evaluating the contribution of small-scale roughness to be injected in the echo backscattered from the facets of each layer (including the subsurface layers) as well as in the echo transmitted through the facets to the deeper layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-layer simulation technique for modeling large and small-scale scattering in radar sounder data

Cortellazzi

Thakur²,

Sbalchiero³

et al. 2022

Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXVIII

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Radar sounders (RS) provide information on subsurface targets for planetary investigations. Several simulation techniques have been developed to support the RS design and the data interpretation. Each technique has different properties and modeling capabilities, achieving different trade-offs between accuracy and computational requirements. The state-of-the-art RS simulation techniques include: i) numerical methods, such as the Finite- Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) technique, which allows the modelling of small-scale scattering phenomena at the cost of high computational requirements; ii) facet modeling and ray-tracing based methods, such as the multi-layered coherent RS (MCS) technique, which requires less computational resources than FDTD, allowing the modeling of large-scale scattering phenomena. Recently an integrated simulation methodology has been presented, for simulating small-scale scattering phenomena in large scenarios. However, this methodology was designed for modeling only surface scattering. In this paper, we propose a method that extends the capabilities of the integrated methodology to model both large and small-scale roughness in a multi-layer scenario. The proposed method uses the FDTD technique to evaluate the effects associated with small-scale roughness in terms of i) scattering phenomena associated with the layers and ii) power losses associated with the signal transmitted through a rough layer. To recursively apply scattering and transmission to multiple layers of the subsurface, a coherent ray-tracing method is used. We experimentally assessed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology on three-layer models by integrating the effect of roughness imposed on the layers and in transmission through them.

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Section: Proposed Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small-scale Roughness Contribution On Top Planar Facetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A multi-layer simulation technique for modeling large and small-scale scattering in radar sounder data

Cortellazzi

Thakur²,

Sbalchiero³

et al. 2022

Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXVIII

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show abstract

“…Within radar sounders specifically , derives the backscattered power from a finite rough ellipse under the small perturbation model, but using rudimentary assumptions on scattering. We also note that Sbalchiero et al (2021) propose a treatment of a reduced version of this problem (i.e., using the discrete Stratton-Chu formula with rough facets) using FDTD pre-computed responses, but to our knowledge, the problem has yet to be solved analytically and validated for full radar responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phase Response of a Rough Rectangular Facet for Radar Sounder Simulations of Both Coherent and Incoherent Scattering

et al. 2023

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With radar sounders, coherent backscattering simulations from global planetary digital elevation models (DEMs) typically display a deficit in diffuse clutter, which is mainly due to the implicit assumption that roughness at scales below the resolution of the DEM is absent. Indeed, while polynomial approximations of the phase evolution across the facet allow for fast and mathematically rigorous simulators, the coarse resolution of these planetary DEMs leads to a potentially significant portion of the backscattering response being neglected. In this paper, we derive the analytical phase response of a rough rectangular facet characterized by Gaussian roughness and a Gaussian isotropic correlation function under the linear phase approximation. Formulae for the coherent and incoherent power scattered by such an object are obtained for arbitrary bistatic scattering angles. Validation is done both in isolation and after inclusion in different Stratton‐Chu simulators. In order to illustrate the different uses of such a formulation, we reproduce two lunar radargrams acquired by the Lunar Radar Sounder instrument with a Stratton‐Chu simulator incorporating the proposed rough facet phase integral, and we show that the original radargrams are significantly better‐reproduced than with state‐of‐the‐art methods, at a similar computational cost. We also show how the rough facet integral formulation can be used in isolation to better characterize subglacial water bodies on Earth.

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The phase response of a rough rectangular facet for radar sounder simulations of both coherent and incoherent scattering

Gerekos

Haynes

Schroeder

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A novel integrated radar sounder simulation technique for modelling large and small-scale surface scattering phenomena.

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

A multi-layer simulation technique for modeling large and small-scale scattering in radar sounder data

A multi-layer simulation technique for modeling large and small-scale scattering in radar sounder data

The Phase Response of a Rough Rectangular Facet for Radar Sounder Simulations of Both Coherent and Incoherent Scattering

The phase response of a rough rectangular facet for radar sounder simulations of both coherent and incoherent scattering

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