A Novel International Monkeypox Outbreak

Adalja, Amesh A.; Inglesby, Tom

doi:10.7326/m22-1581

Cited by 126 publications

(141 citation statements)

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“…The novel multinational monkeypox outbreak has jolted the globe in the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic [ 1 ]. The causative agent, monkeypox virus (MPXV), is related to the now-extinct human scourge of smallpox (variola virus).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do?

Memariani

2022

Ir J Med Sci

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do?

Memariani

2022

Ir J Med Sci

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“…In the current outbreak, the predominant route of transmission is related to sexual activity in the community of men who have sex with men [ 5 ]. However, other indirect transmission routes have been described, such as respiratory transmission through droplets or contaminated materials such as bedding and towels [ 3 , 4 , 9 , 10 ]. Therefore, it is possible that the child was in close contact with an infectious person or contaminated object that was not recognised as such.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric monkeypox patient with unknown source of infection, the Netherlands, June 2022

et al. 2022

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Since May 2022, an international monkeypox (MPX) outbreak has been ongoing in more than 50 countries. While most cases are men who have sex with men, transmission is not restricted to this population. In this report, we describe the case of a male child younger than 10 years with MPX in the Netherlands. Despite thorough source tracing, a likely source of infection has not been identified. No secondary cases were identified in close contacts.

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“…Clusters outside Africa have usually been traceable to animal sources in the past, rather than human-to-human transmission (3). In contrast, the current cases seem to have occurred without any links to animal sources and are concentrated in, but not exclusive to, the MSM (male having sex with male) community (4). The sudden appearance of infections in several non-endemic countries suggests that undetected transmission may have taken place for some time, but certain recent events may have served as a catalyst for spread (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Rapid adaptation of established high-throughput molecular testing infrastructure for detection of monkeypoxvirus

Noerz

Tang

Emmerich

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Since May 2022, a rising number of monkeypox-cases has been reported in non-endemic countries of the northern hemisphere. In contrast to previous clusters, infections seem predominantly driven by human-to-human transmission, rather than animal sources. In this study, we adapted two published qPCR assays (non-variola orthopoxvirus and monkeypoxvirus specific) for use as a lab-developed dual-target monkeypoxvirus-test on widely used automated high-throughput PCR-systems (cobas5800/6800/8800). Methods: Selected assays were checked for in-silico inclusivity and exclusivity in current orthopoxvirus sequences, as well as for multiplex compatibility. Analytic performance was determined by serial dilution of monkeypoxvirus reference material, quantified by digital PCR. Cross reactivity was ruled out through a clinical exclusivity set containing various bloodborne and respiratory pathogens. Clinical performance was compared to a commercial manual RUO-kit using clinical remnant samples. Results: Analytic lower limit of detection (LoD) was determined as 4.795 dcp/ml (CI95%: 3.598 - 8.633 dcp/ml) for both assays combined, with a dynamic range of at least 5 log-steps. The assay showed 100% positive and negative agreement with the manual RUO orthopoxvirus PCR test kit in clinical swab samples. Discussion: While the full extend of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak remains to be established, the WHO and local health authorities are calling for increased awareness and efforts to limit further spread. For this, timely and scalable PCR tests are an important prerequisite. The assay presented here allows streamlined high-throughput molecular testing for monkeypoxvirus on existing hardware, broadly established previously for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics.

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A Novel International Monkeypox Outbreak

Cited by 126 publications

References 0 publications

Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do?

Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do?

Paediatric monkeypox patient with unknown source of infection, the Netherlands, June 2022

Rapid adaptation of established high-throughput molecular testing infrastructure for detection of monkeypoxvirus

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