A novel investigation into edge effect reduction of 4340 steel spur gear during induction hardening process

Parvinzadeh, Mahyar; Karganroudi, Sasan Sattarpanah; Omidi, Narges; Barka, Noureddine; Khalifa, Mohamed

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-06639-w

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[20,21] M. Parvinzadeh et al implemented an experiment with the statistical approach to minimize the edge effect in induction hardening. [22] The tempering process is commonly incorporated after the hardening process to improve the material's ductility and minimize residual stress-induced distortion. However, the drawback is the hardness drop, where the higher tempering temperature produces a higher hardness drop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Induction Heat Treatment of Large‐Sized Spur Gear—The Effect of Scanning Speed and Air Gap on the Uniformity of Hardened Depth and Mechanical Properties

Saputro

Chen

Jheng³

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Prematurely fractured teeth of SCM440 large‐sized spur gear are commonly found among gears of a mechanical press machine. The macroscopic inspection and microstructure examination of a fractured tooth are established to show that the previous induction hardening process produced two serious issues; insufficient hardening in the root areas and nonuniform hardened depth along the tooth circumference. The numerical simulation is executed to replicate the previous induction hardening process, which consists of simulations for tooth‐to‐tooth mobile induction heating, water spray quenching, and the tempering process. This study highlights the influence of most adjustable parameters, such as the scanning speed of the inductor coil and air gap, to collect beneficial insights for further improvements. Experimental and numerical results are compared to validate the numerical model used. The adjustment of scanning speed and air gap highly affects the magnitude and uniformity of hardened depth along the tooth profile. Promising improvements can be achieved by slower, smaller scanning speeds and thinner air gaps, where the distortion is still in the allowed allowable range. This research provides a method and insights for future explorations to deal with relevant issues in the tooth‐to‐tooth mobile induction hardening process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Induction Heat Treatment of Large‐Sized Spur Gear—The Effect of Scanning Speed and Air Gap on the Uniformity of Hardened Depth and Mechanical Properties

Saputro

Chen

Jheng³

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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show abstract

“…This study aims at investigating the effects of induction machine parameters on parts with plain geometry like a disc. While the result of this simpli cation can be generalized to gears [8], considering simpler geometries like disc rather than gear can eliminate some redundant parameters which are related to gear-shaped parts and geometrical complications (Figure 1). Similar to conventional hardening methods, the induction hardening process is based on increasing the temperature up to the austenitic area, then cooling the part rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel investigation into the edge effect reduction of 4340 steel disc through induction hardening process using magnetic flux concentrators

Parvinzadeh

Karganroudi

Omidi

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Induction hardening serves as one of the best mass production processes used recently due to its ability to quickly generating high-intensity heat in a well-de ned location of the part. Numerous advantages of this method make it a reliable technique to produce a thin martensite layer on the part surface that has compressive residual stresses. In this regard, the presented study is devoted to investigating utilizing induction heating for surface hardening of AISI 4340 steel disc. The purpose is to evaluate the performance of magnetic ux concentrators and the effects of the induction process parameter on the case-depth and edge effect in the surface hardening of the disc. Once the proper range of parameters is de ned, Taguchi experimentation planning is used to frame comprehensive experimentation with the minimum possible trial. Then, the case-depth of discs is evaluated on their cross-sections (edge and middle plane) through hardness pro le measurement of samples using a micro-indentation hardness machine. The results are then statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine the best combination of parameters to achieve maximum casedepth yet minimum edge effect. The goodness-of-t regression models are then developed to predict the case-depth pro le as a function of machine parameters based on linear regression utilizing case-depth responses in the edge and middle plane of discs. Results imply that maximum case-depth with minimum edge effect can be produced by using the highest heating time along with the average amplitude of the power, axial gap, and radial gap. This study gives a good exploration of case-depths optimized by setting up process parameters when magnetic ux concentrator is utilized, thus, a guideline to reduce discs edge effect in induction surface hardening application is given.

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Investigation into the effect of the SLM processing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of M300; experimental and statistical analysis

Omidi,

Farhadipour,

Barka

2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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A novel investigation into edge effect reduction of 4340 steel spur gear during induction hardening process

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Mobile Induction Heat Treatment of Large‐Sized Spur Gear—The Effect of Scanning Speed and Air Gap on the Uniformity of Hardened Depth and Mechanical Properties

Mobile Induction Heat Treatment of Large‐Sized Spur Gear—The Effect of Scanning Speed and Air Gap on the Uniformity of Hardened Depth and Mechanical Properties

A novel investigation into the edge effect reduction of 4340 steel disc through induction hardening process using magnetic flux concentrators

Investigation into the effect of the SLM processing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of M300; experimental and statistical analysis

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