Osteoporosis is a health problem with multiple causes, characterized by decreased bone mineral density and deterioration of the microstructure of bone tissue. Osteoporosis, the incidence of which has increased with the prolongation of human life, is at the top of the list in important public health rankings today. In addition, osteoporosis can be said to be a costly disease. In terms of days of stay in the hospital, osteoporosis causes more cost burden and longer treatment processes on health systems than many major diseases such as lung disease due to chronic vascular occlusion, stroke, and breast cancer. Image enhancement and enhancement techniques help physicians diagnose diseases and accelerate disease diagnosis studies. This indirectly reduces patient costs and saves time. In this chapter, the techniques used for the improvement and repair of biomedical images in the diagnosis of osteoporosis from the past to the present are examined. Modern biomedical imaging technologies are reviewed. Imaging tools used in the diagnosis of osteoporosis have also been investigated.