“…Furthermore, the retention of juvenile P. canaliculus on aquaculture growing substrata, such as fibrous nursery ropes, can be very poor, with losses that range from 50 to 100% (Jeffs et al 1999, Webb & Heasman 2006, Hayden & Woods 2011). Consequently, a few studies have specifically addressed the causes of low retention, focussing on methods of determining the quality of juveniles captured from the wild (Webb & Heasman 2006, Sim-Smith & Jeffs 2011, impacts on fitness and behaviour that can occur during transport or due to poor handling (Webb & Heasman 2006, Carton et al 2007) and environmental conditions during early production (Alfaro 2006c, Carton et al 2007, Hayden & Woods 2011. However, the issue of retention is complex and far from understood, largely due to the small number of studies that have addressed this problem.…”