A novel method for measuring the radiolysis yields of water adsorbed on ZrO2 nanoparticles

Southworth, Jamie S.; Pimblott, Simon M.; Orr, Robin M.; Koehler, Sven P. K.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108924

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…To date, the highest G (H 2 ) among oxides is found by aqueous ZrO 2 or HfO 2 nanoparticles at extremely high loading, which accounts for efficient energy transfer in the first several absorbed water layers. When the water layers exceed certain numbers >5, the radiolytic H 2 behavior of water oxide suspensions is basically the same as that of bulk water. ,, As a comparison, the radiolysis experiments using ZrO 2 or HfO 2 nanoparticles (∼50 nm) were studied under identical conditions. Obviously, none of them exceeds the effects promoted by synthetic nanoscale UiO-66 (Figure ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the water layers exceed certain numbers >5, the radiolytic H 2 behavior of water oxide suspensions is basically the same as that of bulk water. 10,11,35 As a comparison, the radiolysis experiments using ZrO 2 or HfO 2 nanoparticles (∼50 nm) were studied under identical conditions. Obviously, none of them exceeds the effects promoted by synthetic nanoscale UiO-66 (Figure 2).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the oxidation can be inhibited by utilizing scavengers, that is, isopropanol, and in turn can enhance H 2 release, but this method has limited improvement success. A more efficient process for H 2 production was observed via the energy redistribution at the irradiated solid/water interface. − The amplified radiolytic H 2 production was found in water mixtures with hydroxides, , oxides, − mesoporous materials, , zeolites, , and mineral suspension . Such an enhancement is likely attributed to the ultrafast migration of charges or excitons from the surface to the bulk phase, giving rise to additional e sol – ,, or H atoms .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiolytic Water Splitting Sensitized by Nanoscale Metal–Organic Frameworks

Cheng

Zhou

et al. 2023

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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High-energy radiation that is compatible with renewable energy sources enables direct H 2 production from water for fuels; however, the challenge is to convert it as efficiently as possible, and the existing strategies have limited success. Herein, we report the use of Zr/Hf-based nanoscale UiO-66 metal− organic frameworks as highly effective and stable radiation sensitizers for purified and natural water splitting under γ-ray irradiation. Scavenging and pulse radiolysis experiments with Monte Carlo simulations show that the combination of 3D arrays of ultrasmall metal-oxo clusters and high porosity affords unprecedented effective scattering between secondary electrons and confined water, generating increased precursors of solvated electrons and excited states of water, which are the main species responsible for H 2 production enhancement. The use of a small quantity (<80 mmol/L) of UiO-66-Hf-OH can achieve a γ-rays-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency exceeding 10% that significantly outperforms Zr-/Hf-oxide nanoparticles and the existing radiolytic H 2 promoters. Our work highlights the feasibility and merit of MOF-assisted radiolytic water splitting and promises a competitive method for creating a green H 2 economy.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiolytic Water Splitting Sensitized by Nanoscale Metal–Organic Frameworks

Cheng

Zhou

et al. 2023

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…Several recent papers presenting the preparation of NP by radiation processing as the main subject in the area of polymers were reported [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. The innovative aspects of this subject are related to the "clean" experimental procedures involving radiation processing, the resulting accurate size, the homogenous incorporated phase in products and the reproducibility of the method by which the raw nanoparticles are appropriately added in polymer hybrids.…”

Section: Main Aspects Of Radiation Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation Effects in Polymer Composites for Their Conversion into Hybrids

Zaharescu

Mariș

2022

J. Compos. Sci.

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In this paper several aspects of profound modifications caused by high energy exposures are presented as possible candidates for the efficient adjusting processing of polymer materials. The class of hybrid composites receives special attention due to the large spectrum of formulations, where the interphase interaction decisively influences the material properties. They represent potential start points for the intimate uniformity of hybrid morphologies. Their radiation processing turns composites onto hybrid morphology with expected features, because the transferred energy is spent for the modification of components and for their compatibility. The essential changes achieved in radiation processed composites explain the new material behavior and durability based on the peculiar restructuring of polymer molecules that occurred in the polymer phase. During high energy irradiation, the interaction between intermediates born in the constitutive phases may convert the primary composites into hybrids, integrating them into large applicability spheres. During the radiation exposure, the resulting hybrids gain a continuous dispersion by means of new chemical bonds. This type of compounds achieves some specific structural modifications in the polymer phase, becoming stable hybrid composites. The functional properties of hybrids definitely influence the material behavior due to the molecular changes based on the structural reasons. The radiolysis of the vulnerable component becomes an appropriate opportunity for the creation of new material with improved stability. The radiation treatment is a proper conversion procedure by which common mixtures may become continuously reorganized. This review presents several examples for the radiation modifications induced by radiation exposure that allow the compatibilization and binding of components as well as the creation of new structures with improved properties. This approach provides the reference patterns for the extension of radiation processing over the well-conducted adjustments of polymer composites, when certain material features are compulsorily required. From this review, several solutions for the adjustment of regular polymer composites into hybrid systems may become conceivable by the extended radiation processing.

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Recent updates in direct radiation water-splitting methods of hydrogen production

Ali,

Imanova,

Alharbi

et al. 2023

J.Umm Al-Qura Univ. Appll. Sci.

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The exploration of green energy is a demanding issue due to climate change and ecology. Green energy hydrogen is gaining importance in the area of alternative energy sources. Many methods are being explored for this but most of them are utilizing other sources of energy to produce hydrogen. Therefore, these approaches are not economic and acceptable at the industrial level. Sunlight and nuclear radiation as free or low-cost energy sources to split water for hydrogen. These methods are gaining importance in recent times. Therefore, attempts are made to explore the latest updates in direct radiation water-splitting methods of hydrogen production. This article discusses the advances made in green hydrogen production by water splitting using visible and UV radiations as these are freely available in the solar spectrum. Besides, water splitting by gamma radiation (a low-cost energy source) is also reviewed. Efforts are also made to describe the water-splitting mechanism in photo- and gamma-mediated water splitting. In addition to these, challenges and future perspectives have also been discussed to make this article useful for further advanced research.

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A novel method for measuring the radiolysis yields of water adsorbed on ZrO2 nanoparticles

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Radiolytic Water Splitting Sensitized by Nanoscale Metal–Organic Frameworks

Radiolytic Water Splitting Sensitized by Nanoscale Metal–Organic Frameworks

Irradiation Effects in Polymer Composites for Their Conversion into Hybrids

Recent updates in direct radiation water-splitting methods of hydrogen production

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