A Novel Method of Spatiotemporal Dynamic Geo-Visualization of Criminal Data, Applied to Command and Control Centers for Public Safety

Abstract

This article shows a novel geo-visualization method of dynamic spatiotemporal data that allows mobility and concentration of criminal activity to be study. The method was developed using, only and significantly, real data of Santiago de Cali (Colombia), collected by the Colombian National Police (PONAL). This method constitutes a tool that allows criminal influx to be analyzed by concentration, zone, time slot and date. In addition to the field experience of police commanders, it allows patterns of criminal activity to be detected, thereby enabling a better distribution and management of police resources allocated to crime deterrence, prevention and control. Additionally, it may be applied to the concepts of safe city and smart city of the PONAL within the architecture of Command and Control System (C2S) of Command and Control Centers for Public Safety. Furthermore, it contributes to a better situational awareness and improves the future projection, agility, efficiency and decision-making processes of police officers, which are all essential for fulfillment of police missions against crime. Finally, this was developed using an open source software, it can be adapted to any other city, be used with real-time data and be implemented, if necessary, with the geographic software of any other C2S.

Spatiotemporal data mining: a survey on challenges and open problems

“…The work in (Salcedo-Gonzalez et al. 2020 ) Spatiotemporal geo-visualisation method for dynamic data of the criminal activity. Data-driven approaches have recently been developed to estimate and visualise deficiencies in medical resources during the COVID-19 pandemic (Sha et al.…”

“…( 2020 ); Salcedo-Gonzalez et al. ( 2020 ); Sha et al. ( 2020 ) Comprehen-sive Approaches Focusing on certain problems and do not introduce comprehensive spatiotemporal solutions Ndehedehe et al.…”

Spatiotemporal Data Mining: A Survey on Challenges and Open Problems

“…They examined both city and district levels using location-based social data. The work in [232] Spatiotemporal geo-visualisation method for dynamic data of the criminal activity. Data-driven approaches have recently been developed to estimate and visualise deficiencies in medical resources during the COVID-19 pandemic [238].…”

“…S- [181,318], CA- [27], PA- [217,308], OD- [92], PM- [115,211], V- [197] VA- [175] PS- [117,254] [ 225,188,6,70,51,44,32,236,130] Visualisation Developing techniques for spatial visualisation, while less consideration is given to spatiotemporal [310,122,231,223,232,238] Comprehensive Approaches Focusing on certain problems and do not introduce comprehensive spatiotemporal solutions [185] Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics (FATE) Amplifying genders, denying people services, and racial biases .…”

Arquitectura de un sistema de geo-visualización espacio-temporal de actividad delictiva, basada en el análisis masivo de datos, aplicada a sistemas de información de comando y control (C2IS)

“…Ambas herramientas, o aplicaciones, están realizadas con métodos novedosos que permitieron lograr estos objetivos de efectividad en la detección del volumen y los patrones y tendencias en el desplazamiento de la actividad delictiva, ya sea por códigos de casos individuales o por grupos de códigos de casos, lo cual mejora la distribución y el manejo de los recursos policiales (como por ejemplo la distribución y gestión de atención a los despliegues y el patrullaje), para disuadir, prevenir y controlar la delincuencia [3], [4]. Esto se hace posible porque estas herramientas favorecen el mejoramiento de la conciencia y comprensión situacional (Situational Awareness and Situation Understanding), la proyección futura; y la agilidad y eficiencia en los procesos de toma de decisiones, dentro de la arquitectura de Sistemas de Comando y Control (C2S) de los Centros de Comando y Control de Seguridad Ciudadana de la PONAL [5], [6], [7], específicamente dentro de las funcionalidades de sus Sistemas de Información de Comando y Control (C2IS).…”