A Novel Pathway for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Transmission from Sows to Neonatal Piglets Mediated by Colostrum

Yang, Qian; Zhang, Penghao; Liu, Peng; Li, Yuchen; Li, Jianda; Zhang, En; Jin, Yuxin; Yang, Qian

doi:10.1128/jvi.00477-22

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Pigs were infected with PEDV through the consumption of PEDV-contaminated food or exposure to PEDV-contaminated fomites, such as feed, feed ingredients and additives (spray-dried porcine plasma), humans (footwear and clothes), equipment, transport trailers (delivering feed, transporting pigs or carcasses), feed totes, and wild animals (mice, birds, and stray cats) [54][55][56][57][58]. A recent study reported that PEDV colonizing in the intestinal epithelial cells of sows could transfer to CD3 + T cells, which can transmit the virus to the mammary gland through blood circulation and ultimately deliver PEDV to the intestinal tract of piglets through colostrum to cause infection [59]. This finding indicated that sows could transmit PEDV vertically to their offspring through their milk.…”

Section: Pedv Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Etiology, Epidemiology, Antigenicity, and Control Strategies in China

Lei,

Miao,

et al. 2024

Animals

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a porcine enteric coronavirus, which is one of the main causative agents of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), with 100% morbidity and 80–100% mortality in neonatal piglets. Since 2010, large-scale PED caused by highly pathogenic variants of PEDV has occurred successively in China and other countries in the world, posing a great threat to the global pig industry. It has been demonstrated in many investigations that the classic attenuated vaccine strain, PEDV CV777, is insufficient to fully protect against the PEDV variants. Moreover, the maternally derived antibodies elicited by inactivated vaccines also cannot completely protect piglets from infection. In addition, feedback feeding poses a risk of periodic PEDV recurrence in pig farms, making it challenging to successfully limit the spread of PEDV in China. This review focuses on the etiology, epidemiology, antigenicity, and control strategies of PEDV in China and provides information for the formulation of effective control measures.

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Section: Pedv Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Etiology, Epidemiology, Antigenicity, and Control Strategies in China

Lei,

Miao,

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…PEDV, as well as transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine enteric A coronavirus, belongs to the genus α-coronavirus in the family Coronaviridae ( Gong et al., 2017 ). The main PEDV transmission route is fecal-oral, but airborne transmission via the fecal-nasal route may play a role in pig-to-pig and farm-to-farm spread ( Gerber et al., 2014 ; Yuan et al., 2022 ). Piglets up to 7 days of age are particularly susceptible to the virus and thus cause acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and high mortality in newborn piglets ( Sun et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG powder supplementation alleviates intestinal injury in piglets challenged by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Xu,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has become a challenging problem in pig industry worldwide, causing significant profit losses. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been regarded as a safe probiotic strain and has been shown to exert protective effects on the intestinal dysfunction caused by PEDV. This study evaluated the effect of LGG on the gut health of lactating piglets challenged with PEDV. Fifteen piglets at 7 days of age were equally assigned into 3 groups (5 piglets per group): 1) control group (basal diet); 2) PEDV group: (basal diet + PEDV challenged); 3) LGG + PEDV group (basal diet + 3×109 CFU/pig/day LGG + PEDV). The trial lasted 11 days including 3 days of adaptation. The treatment with LGG was from D4 to D10. PEDV challenge was carried out on D8. PEDV infection disrupted the cell structure, undermined the integrity of the intestinal tract, and induced oxidative stress, and intestinal damage of piglets. Supplementation of LGG improved intestinal morphology, enhanced intestinal antioxidant capacity, and alleviated jejunal mucosal inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders in PEDV-infected piglets, which may be regulated by LGG by altering the expression of TNF signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and fat digestion and absorption pathway.

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“…These antibodies are produced in response to intestinal and respiratory antigens, including pathogens and commensal organisms. Protection is also mediated by cellular immunity, which is transferred via maternal cells present in mammary secretions (Yuan et al, 2022). The mechanisms underlying the various immunological links between MG and the mucosal surfaces involve hormonally regulated addressins and chemokines specific to these compartments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enhancement of colostrogenic immunity depends on the stimulation of systemic immunity, whereas the enhancement of lactogenic immunity depends on appropriate stimulation at induction sites, an increase in cell trafficking from the gut and upper respiratory tract to the MG and, possibly, enhanced immunoglobulin production at the effector site and secretion in milk (Quesnel, 2011). In addition, mammary secretions provide factors other than immunoglobulins that protect the neonate and regulate the development of mucosal immunity-a key element of postnatal adaptation to environmental antigens (Yuan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Features of the functioning of the natural defense mechanisms of piglets under the influence of immunotropic substances

Masiuk,

Nedzvetsky,

Kokariev

2023

SMLNUVMB

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The number of studies related to detailed characteristics of immune system development in early stages of ontogenesis are directed to expansion of concepts of mechanisms of inherent and adaptive immunity in premature newborns. However, discrepancy in publication data and absence of clear conceptions about unique features of immune system in newborn piglets for different gestation periods have significant actuality for further investigation. The study was carried out to establish characteristics of phenotypic and functional characteristics of the immune cells and establishment of adaptive immunity in piglets. The antibody repertoire of sow has interested immunologists for decades, in part because of the ease with which large quantities of high affinity antibodies can be observed in serum, and into other fluids because of the presence of genetic variants for both light and heavy chain of all known immunoglobulin types. The integrative analysis of the cellular and humoral immunity in piglets during early ontogenesis carried out to clarify the exact mechanisms of the immune response modulation. Effectiveness and selectivity of the immunotropic chemicals application to regulate immune cell populations in piglets is presented. The progress in immune cell populations is regulated by the various cytokines production in the universal concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the development of the immune functions cross reacts with innate immunity mechanisms including anti-bacterial enzymes, epithelial barrier integrity in the both skin and intestine. The interaction between multiple components of innate immunity is a critic initiator of the dynamic changes in adaptive immunity. The natural resistance targets to the establishment of infection root and delays disease progression. The duration of the exposure to colostrum in important role in the dynamics of immune response as well as its efficacy. The chapter discusses the plural mechanisms so far proposed to be responsible for the modulation natural resistance.

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A Novel Pathway for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Transmission from Sows to Neonatal Piglets Mediated by Colostrum

Abstract: The colostrum represents an important infection route for many viruses. Here, we demonstrate the vertical transmission of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) from sows to neonatal piglets via colostrum.

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Etiology, Epidemiology, Antigenicity, and Control Strategies in China

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Etiology, Epidemiology, Antigenicity, and Control Strategies in China

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG powder supplementation alleviates intestinal injury in piglets challenged by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Features of the functioning of the natural defense mechanisms of piglets under the influence of immunotropic substances

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