A novel plant growth regulator improves the grain yield of high-density maize crops by reducing stalk lodging and promoting a compact plant type

Huang, Guanmin; Liu, Yingru; Guo, Yi; Peng, Chuanxi; Tan, Weiming; Zhang, Mingcai; Li, Zhaohu; Zhou, Yuyi; Duan, Liusheng

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107982

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Dual applications of 2-diethylaminoethyl-3,4-dichlorophenylether (DCPTA) and ethephon have also been shown to improve dry matter accumulation and grain yield in crops (Li et al, 2019 ). Meanwhile, modification of ethephon may also be feasible and effective: recent research has suggested that N, N-Diethyl-2-hexanoyl oxygen radicals-ethyl amine (2-ethyl chloride) phosphonic acid salt, which contains an ethephon functional group, was able to improve the photosynthesis of canopy and yield (Huang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethephon Reduces Maize Nitrogen Uptake but Improves Nitrogen Utilization in Zea mays L.

et al. 2022

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Increasing use of plant density or/and nitrogen (N) application has been introduced to maize production in the past few decades. However, excessive planting density or/and use of fertilizer may cause reduced N use efficiency (NUE) and increased lodging risks. Ethephon application improves maize lodging resistance and has been an essential measure in maize intensive production systems associated with high plant density and N input in China. Limited information is available about the effect of ethephon on maize N use and the response to plant density under different N rates in the field. A three-year field study was conducted with two ethephon applications (0 and 90 g ha−1), four N application rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg N ha−1), and two plant densities (6.75 plants m−2 and 7.5 plants m−2) to evaluate the effects of ethephon on maize NUE indices (N agronomic efficiency, NAE; N recovery efficiency, NRE; N uptake efficiency, NUpE; N utilization efficiency, NUtE; partial factor productivity of N, PFPN), biomass, N concentration, grain yield and N uptake, and translocation properties. The results suggest that the application of ethephon decreased the grain yield by 1.83–5.74% due to the decrease of grain numbers and grain weight during the three experimental seasons. Meanwhile, lower biomass, NO3- and NH4+ fluxes in xylem bleeding sap, and total N uptake were observed under ethephon treatments. These resulted in lower NAE and NUpE under the ethephon treatment at a corresponding N application rate and plant density. The ethephon treatment had no significant effects on the N concentration in grains, and it decreased the N concentration in stover at the harvesting stage, while increasing the plant N concentration at the silking stage. Consequently, post-silking N remobilization was significantly increased by 14.10–32.64% under the ethephon treatment during the experimental periods. Meanwhile, NUtE significantly increased by ethephon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethephon Reduces Maize Nitrogen Uptake but Improves Nitrogen Utilization in Zea mays L.

et al. 2022

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“…An analytical review of published data on PGRs showed that the promising class of compounds are activated amines containing carbonyl groups in the amine group (enamines), in particular, derivatives of dehydroamino acids [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. They are synthetic analogs of a derivative of a natural amino acid that stimulates the production of the necessary phytohormones, as well as the rich source of nitrogen and universal highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth regulators that work on many crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Encapsulation of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in Biopolymer Matrices

Vlahoviček-Kahlina

Jurić

Marijan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Novel plant growth regulators (PGRs) based on the derivatives of dehydroamino acids 2,3-dehydroaspartic acid dimethyl ester (PGR1), Z-isomer of the potassium salt of 2-amino-3-methoxycarbonylacrylic acid (PGR2) and 1-methyl-3-methylamino-maleimide (PGR3) have been synthesized and their growth-regulating properties investigated. Laboratory testing revealed their plant growth-regulating activity. PGR1 showing the most stimulating activity on all laboratory tested cultures were used in field experiments. Results showed that PGR1 is a highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth regulator with effects on different crops. Biopolymeric microcapsule formulations (chitosan/alginate microcapsule loaded with PGR) suitable for application in agriculture were prepared and characterized. Physicochemical properties and release profiles of PGRs from microcapsule formulations depend on the molecular interactions between microcapsule constituents including mainly electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The differences in the microcapsule formulations structure did not affect the mechanism of PGRs release which was identified as diffusion through microcapsules. The obtained results opened a perspective for the future use of microcapsule formulations as new promising agroformulations with a sustained and target release for plant growth regulation.

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“…The changes in the seedling roots' anatomical structure caused by the test compounds exceeded the auxin effect and can potentially enhance the efficiency of the vascular system of the maize plant's roots. A similar increase in vascular area and dry weight per unit length of the maize plants' internodes identified by Huang et al (2021), when studying a new growth regulator, was assessed as a positive effect that increases the quality of internodes and reduces the stem lodging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, a decrease in lignin content below the biologically optimal level, found in mutant plants, jeopardizes the cell wall strength, changes the plant morphology and leads to an increase in the stems' lodging frequency. Huang et al (2021) showed an important role of the basal internode quality in enhancing the corn stalks' strength and reducing lodging, which is associated with changes in chemical composition, including an increase in cellulose and lignin content. In this regard, the ability of test compounds III and VI to induce the growth of roots and dry weight of shoots of the maize seedlings, without activating the seedlings' length growth, can potentially have a beneficial effect on improving the internode quality in mature maize plants.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in the soft white winter wheat crops, growth-regulating compounds chlormequat chloride-CC and trinexapacethyl-TE eliminated crop lodging and yield losses, reducing linear plant growth (Qin et al, 2020). According to recent research, a decrease in grain crops stem lodging is due to the appearance of a greater strength of the plants' structural parts and correlates with change in chemical composition of the cell walls, including the lignin content (Begović et al, 2018;Heuschele et al, 2020;Huang et al, 2021). We have previously reported the positive effects of several synthesized 3-sulfolene derivatives on the growth and development of maize seedlings, including an increase in the vigour index, root and shoot length (Palchikov et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

Lykholat

Хромых

Дідур

et al. 2021

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Effective management of the course of crop vegetation and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses is a prerequisite for stable grain production and requires replenishment of the arsenal of plant growth regulators. The effect of novel synthesized cage amides on maize seedlings morphogenesis has been tested. Seeds of a mid-early maize hybrid 'DN Galatea' after the pre-sowing treatment with 0.01% solutions of test compounds were grown in distilled water. The roots and shoots sections of 10-day-old maize seedlings were stained with phloroglucinol solution to reveal the lignin-containing anatomical structures. The effects of nine different test compounds, exceeding the well-known effects of the phytohormone auxin, promoted the maize seedlings’ linear growth, increased wet weight of roots and shoots, and dry biomass accumulation both in seedlings roots and shoots. Several test compounds activated the dry weight accumulation process without significantly affecting the root and shoot length. In the maize seedlings’ roots, an increase in the diameter and number of the xylem vessels was found, as well as an increase in the lignin-containing layer thickness of the endoderm cells in the root cortex. In the maize seedlings’ shoots, the test compounds caused an increase in the thickness of the lignin-containing outer layer of the seedlings’ first leaf. In general, the test compounds’ effect on seedling roots can potentially enhance root formation; increase efficiency of the roots water-conducting system and the tissues’ strength, thus reducing the likelihood of root lodging in maize plants. The effects of the test compounds revealed in the seedlings’ shoots reflect the activation of the shoots’ structure formation and may have a positive value for enhancing the strength of the plant stems and counteracting the stem lodging of the maize plants.

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A novel plant growth regulator improves the grain yield of high-density maize crops by reducing stalk lodging and promoting a compact plant type

Cited by 49 publications

References 58 publications

Ethephon Reduces Maize Nitrogen Uptake but Improves Nitrogen Utilization in Zea mays L.

Ethephon Reduces Maize Nitrogen Uptake but Improves Nitrogen Utilization in Zea mays L.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Encapsulation of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in Biopolymer Matrices

Altering maize (Zea mays) seedlings’ growth and lignification processes by action of novel synthesized compounds

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