A Novel Power Processing Unit (PPU) System Architecture Based on HFAC Bus for Electric Propulsion Spacecraft

Fang, Mingzhu; Zhang, Donglai; Qi, Xianbin

doi:10.1109/jestpe.2022.3182029

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The EPS have inherently eliminates the possibility of propellant leakage and undesirable leakage thrust. In order to provide sufficient heat for acceleration of the propellant to generate thrust, the energy storage capacitor must first charge to higher than 1.2 kV, so that the ignition supply can be activated to generate a low‐density plasma [1–3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of Deane and Hamill phenomenon in gallium nitride high‐voltage power supply for electric propulsion system application

Dong,

Li,

Yin

et al. 2023

High Voltage

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The step‐up resonant converters are widely adopted to provide high voltage in kV‐level for electric propulsion system due to their high efficiency, low mass, modularisation, and high‐power density. The bipolar Cockcroft‐Walton voltage multiplier (BiCWVM) is a major circuit that steps up the voltage in the resonant converter. However, the diode non‐linearity in BiCWVM can introduce self‐sustained quasi‐periodic oscillations in the voltage and current waveforms, which is commonly known as the Deane and Hamill (DH) phenomenon. The oscillation can lead to higher magnetic loss and control failure, and it is more likely to present in the gallium nitride‐based converter due to the high‐frequency operation. The authors aim to investigate and mitigate the DH phenomenon systematically so that proper mitigation can be implemented. To facilitate the investigation, the circuit before the BiCWVM in the converter is derived and modelled as a voltage source vm and a series inductor Lsy. Also, the reverse recovery process of the diode in the BiCWVM can be represented by a piecewise‐linear (PWL) model, with the simplified circuit and PWL model, the relationship between voltage and current under different operating conditions can be determined with ease. The relationship allows to understand the mechanism of diode reverse recovery in BiCWVM that leads to DH phenomenon. Finally, a hybrid‐/full‐silicon carbide (SiC) design is proposed to mitigate the DH phenomenon, which is verified experimentally for a 300‐kHz, 5‐W, 20‐V/1.5‐kV GaN‐based step‐up resonant converter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…propellant to generate thrust, the energy storage capacitor must first charge to higher than 1.2 kV, so that the ignition supply can be activated to generate a low-density plasma [1][2][3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Deane and Hamill phenomenon in gallium nitride high‐voltage power supply for electric propulsion system application

Dong,

Li,

Yin

et al. 2023

High Voltage

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“…[48][49][50][51] In addition, SPHFRI is also widely used in ozone generators, induction motor drives, and many other applications. [52][53][54][55][56][57] In recent years, the demand for large power capacity and redundancy is increasing, there are two ways that are helpful: the first one is to adopt an inverter with higher rated voltage and current components; the second one is to connect the inverter modules in series or in parallel, which is called multiple inverter system. By using the first method,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low harmonics and soft switching offered by the SPHFRI also allow its use in LED lighting 48–51 . In addition, SPHFRI is also widely used in ozone generators, induction motor drives, and many other applications 52–57 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on single‐phase high‐frequency resonant inverters for current sharing in multiple inverter system

Pengyu,

Junfeng,

Mingze

et al. 2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummarySingle‐phase high‐frequency resonant inverters (SPHFRIs) with high power density, fast dynamic response, and high energy conversion efficiency have been widely studied and used in academia and industry. With the development of the modularization concept, the operation of multiple inverter modules is desirable because it can remove the limitations of cost, heat dissipation, and component volume in single inverter operation. However, a critical challenge in multiple inverter systems is that the both the phase and magnitude of the output voltage of each inverter module must be controllable to eliminate circulating currents between inverter modules. Great efforts have been made to solve this problem from three aspects: topology, modulation, and control strategy. In this paper, modulation strategies and topologies of different inverters are presented and reviewed to provide guidance to researchers working in this field. Firstly, multiple inverter system based on the SPHFRI is described and its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. An important issue in the study of multiple inverter systems is presented, that is, the suppression of circulating current. Secondly, the circulating currents in a multiple inverter system are analyzed and derived from two aspects: (1) magnitude and phase angle and (2) active and reactive currents. Thirdly, the inverters used in the multiple inverter system are introduced, and their operating principles, advantages, and disadvantages are reviewed. A key comparison of several inverters is presented for the benefit of the readers. Fourth, through PI closed‐loop simulation, the performance of different multiple inverter systems for suppressing the circulating current is compared in two situations: (1) with magnitude discrepancy only and (2) with both magnitude and phase discrepancy. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each inverter are summarized, and the state of the art and future trends are presented.

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“…The propulsion system SPS-40 includes the PPU-500 power processing and control unit.The main task of the power processing and control unit is to provide electrical energy to all its subsystems [3,4]. However, along with performing the main task, the PPU must ensure also the execution of propulsion system control algorithms: preparation and startup/shutdown of the propulsion system, maintaining the thrust value at a given level, monitoring the current state of all propulsion system subsystems [5]. A separate task of the PPU is to receive commands from the onboard control system and transmit telemetric data on the state of the propulsionsystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Processing and Control Unit of the Eectric Propulsion System

Петренко,

Алексєєнко,

Толмачов

2023

Rocket-Sp. Tech.

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Abstract. The report presents the results of the development of the PPU-500, which is part of the SPS-500 electric propulsion system based on the ST-40 Hall thruster. PPU-500 contains all power supplies necessary for the operation of the propulsion system: discharge; electromagnet; cathode heater and keeper; power supplies for valves and heaters of the storage and feeding working substance, as well as a standby power supply that ensures the standby mode of PPU operation.The converter of the discharge power supply is built using a bridge topology with a phase-shifted output power control circuit. The remaining power supplies are built according to the topology of a step-down synchronous converter with current or voltage stabilization. The discharge power supply is a controlled power supply. The power supplies for the cathode heater and electromagnet current sources are. The accuracy of power supplies output parameters in not worse than 1.5%. The valves of the feeding system are controlled in order to stabilize the pressure in the receiver by periodically turning on/turning off the high- and low-pressure valves. For control the valves, signals taken from pressure sensors installed in the receiver are used. The PPU control unit ensures an accuracy of maintaining pressure in the receiver no worse than 2.5%. The control unit of the PPU is built using a microcontroller with an ARM core. It implements the functions of monitoring the condition of the program, restoring the program firmware if an integrity violation is detected, and the ability to remotely flash a new version. To communicate the SPS-500 with the on-board control system, a galvanically isolated CAN interface is used. It can be also the RS485/RS42 interface.During operation of the propulsion system, operating parameters are measured using multi-channel ADCs and DACs. The obtained data, on the one hand, is used to assess the current state of the propulsion system and control Hall thruster operating modes. On the other hand, they are transmitted as telemetry signals reflecting the current state of the SPS-500, operating mode and emerging emergency conditions of the equipment. PPU is possible to alternately control two thrusters. Solid-state switches are used to switch the corresponding power sources.Testing of the PPU-500 as part of the SPS-500 propulsion system with the ST-40 Hall thruster and a flight prototype of the working substance feeding system confirmed the technical solutions adopted. The operating efficiency of PPU-500 for the nominal operating mode of the propulsion system is 94%.

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A Novel Power Processing Unit (PPU) System Architecture Based on HFAC Bus for Electric Propulsion Spacecraft

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Mitigation of Deane and Hamill phenomenon in gallium nitride high‐voltage power supply for electric propulsion system application

Mitigation of Deane and Hamill phenomenon in gallium nitride high‐voltage power supply for electric propulsion system application

Review on single‐phase high‐frequency resonant inverters for current sharing in multiple inverter system

Power Processing and Control Unit of the Eectric Propulsion System

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