A catalyst comprising SO42–/ZrO2superacid was prepared by impregnation and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and BET. A novel procedure for oxidative desulfurization of simulated light fuel oil using K2FeO4over the SO42–/ZrO2solid superacid was developed. The effects of the oxidantion and extraction conditions on desulfurization were investigated. At temperature of 30 °C, SZ of 0.2 g, K2FeO4of 0.2 g, reaction time of 1 h, 20 mL of oil is oxidized, followed by methanol extraction at 15 °C for 10 min with the volume ratio of solvent/oil of 1, the results display desulfurization rate for simulated light fuel oil and straight-run gasoline were 88.2% and 89.2%, respectively.