A novel process for preparation of ultra-clean micronized coal by high pressure water jet comminution technique

Cui, Longlian; An, Liqian; Gong, Weili; Jiang, Hejin

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2006.09.002

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Except the water jet used in the industry, it is a research subject in particle comminution (of coal [4,5] or mica [6] for example) in order to get better energetic yields than those of classic mills. Research also concerns material erosion like steels [7], aluminum [8], copper [9], ceramics [10] and polymers [11] but it seems to not have any source on graphite erosion.…”

Section: Technique Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Methods for HTR Fuel Waste Management

Guittonneau

Abdelouas

Grambow

et al. 2008

Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology, Volume 2

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Considering the need to reduce waste production and greenhouse emissions by still keeping high energy efficiency, various 4 th generation nuclear energy systems have been proposed. As far as graphite moderated reactors are concerned, one of the key issues is the large volumes of irradiated graphite encountered (1770 m 3 for fuel elements and 840 m 3 for reflector elements during the lifetime (60 years) of a single reactor module [1]). With the objective to reduce volume of waste in the HTR concept, it is very important to be able to separate the fuel from low level activity graphite. This requires to separate TRISO particles from the graphite matrix with the sine qua non condition to not break TRISO particles in case of future embedding of particles in a matrix for disposal.According to National Regulatory Systems, in case of limited graphite waste production or of short duration HTR projects (e.g. in Germany), direct disposal without separation is acceptable. Nevertheless, in case of large scale deployment of HTR technology, such approach is not economical and sustainable. Previous attempts in graphite management (furnace, fluidised bed and laser incinerations and encapsulation matrices) dealt with graphite matrix only. These are the reasons why we studied the management of irradiated compact-type fuel element. We simulated the presence of fuel in the particles by using ZrO 2 kernels. Compacts with ZrO 2 TRISO particles were manufactured by AREVA NP.Two original methods have been studied. First, we tested high pressure jet to erode graphite and clean TRISO particles. Best erosion rate reached about 0.18 kg/h for a single nose ending. Examination of treated graphite showed a mixture of undamaged TRISO particles, particles that have lost the outer pyrolytic carbon layer and ZrO 2 kernels. Secondly, we studied the thermal shock method by immerging successively graphite into liquid nitrogen and hot water to cause fracturing of the compact. This produced particles and graphite fragments with diameter ranging from several centimetres to less than 500 µm. This relatively simple and economic method may potentially be considered as a pre-treatment step and be coupled with other method(s) before reprocessing and recycling for example.

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Section: Technique Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Methods for HTR Fuel Waste Management

Guittonneau

Abdelouas

Grambow

et al. 2008

Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology, Volume 2

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“…However, processing parameters and different material properties must be carefully assessed to produce the desired cutting quality. Using water only at relatively low pressure, cleaning of the surface from dirt or mantle can be achieved, Cui et al (2007). High pressure waterjet is also used successfully to process coal into powder Chillman et al (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the surface hardness number of subsoil plow chisel using water-jet preening

Darmo

2019

DTM

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This study discusses the effects of pressure in waterjet peening (WJP) of subsoil plow chise. It was made from austenitic stainless steel 301 JIS standard S30100. Analysis of surface integrity and change of surface hardness number is used to evaluate the performance of various parameters in the WJP process. The article summarizes information about austenitic stainless steel physically-mechanical of subsoil plow chisel that is most useful for soil tillage. The subsoil chisel was given surface treatment WJP process with a variation of pressure and time. The physical properties of subsoil plow chisel from various pressure and time of WJP are analyzed. The findings of this study indicated that surface treatment with waterjet peening could increase the surface hardness number and the hardening layer fromaustenitic stainless steel 301 (material of subsoil plow chisel).Treats the surface with WJP pressure 250 MPa and time 3 hours results in a higher increase in surface hardness number up to 41% and 151% greater than the raw material respectively. Also, a deeper hardening layer to depth 250 and 500 μm each produced. Next, the cross-sectional micro structure shows the density is higher than the slip band in the defective grain of specimens that have undergone the WJP process at the time and higher pressure. However, the number of slip bands in grain defects decreases with the pressure drop.

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“…Grinding of coal generally requires drum crushers, hammer crushers, ball mills and pulverisers. In last few decades various attempts have been made using chemicals, ultrasonics, microwaves, water jets and electric spark methods to improve the comminution behavior of coal [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%