A novel protocol for assessing aquatic pollution, based on the feeding inhibition of Daphnia magna

Abstract

In this study, sensitivity of a novel acute bioassay based on the feeding activity of Daphnia magna was assessed, using 2 and 4 h of exposure. For calibration purposes, results were compared with those of the standard immobility test as described by the ISO 6341:1996 standard. Using potassium dichromate as the reference chemical, after 4 h of exposure the proposed protocol showed similar sensitivity in comparison with the standard, as the EC 50 of the immobility test was 1.093 ± 0.098 mg·L -1 , whereas the EC 50 of the feeding inhibition bioassay was 1.742 ± 0.133 mg·L -1 . In order to test the sensitivity of the bioassay, toxicity of two other contaminants, copper and wastewater, was estimated and the results were compared with those of the standard immobility test. For both cases, the feeding inhibition test showed higher sensitivity, as in the case of copper the EC 50s were 0.0952 ± 0.0087 and 0.0753 ± 0.0152 mg·L -1 , whilst the EC 50 recorded for the 24-h immobility test was 0.2407 ± 0.0159 mg·L -1 . In the case of the effluent, EC 50 values after 2 and 4 h of exposure were 15.698 ± 2.681 and 12.557 ± 2.358 expressed as % of the wastewater, respectively, whereas the EC 50 of the immobility test was calculated to be 36.4688 ± 5.4887. RÉSUMÉNouveau protocole pour l'évaluation de la pollution aquatique, basé sur l'inhibition de l'alimentation de Daphnia magna Dans cette étude, la sensibilité d'un nouveau test biologique aiguë basé sur l'activité d'alimentation de Daphnia magna a été évaluée, utilisant 2 et 4 h d'exposition. À des fins d'étalonnage, les résultats ont été comparés à ceux de l'essai standard d'inhibition de la mobilité tel que décrit par la norme ISO 6341:1996 standard. En utilisant le potassium dichromate comme produit chimique de référence, après 4 h d'exposition, le protocole proposé a montré une sensibilité similaire en comparaison de la norme, alors que la EC 50 du test d'inhibition de la mobilité était 1,093 ± 0,098 mg·L -1 , la EC 50 de l'essai biologique d'inhibition d'alimentation a été 1,742 ± 0,133 mg·L -1 . Afin de tester la sensibilité du test biologique, la toxicité de deux autres contaminants, du cuivre et des eaux usées, a été estimée et les résultats ont été comparés à ceux du test de l'inhibition de mobilité standard. Pour les deux cas, le test d'inhibition d'alimentation a montré une sensibilité plus élevée. Dans le cas du cuivre, les EC 50 ont été 0,0952 ± 0,0087 et 0,0753 ± 0,0152 mg·L -1 , alors que la

Assessment of the Toxicity of the Natural and Technogenic Environment for Motor Activity of Daphnia magna

“…1.39.2007.03222 2007]. Scientists proposed to evaluate the toxic effects not only on the death of daphnia, but also on the changes in the trophic activity [Kovács et al 2012; Shashkova, and Grigor'ev 2013], heart rate [Jeong 2018], and biochemical markers [Parolini et al 2018;Domingues et al, 2018]. According to our observations, one of the first responses of D. magna to toxic stress is a change in the motor activity of crustaceans [Olkova, 2017].…”

Effect of heavy metal, copper sulphate and potassium chromate on behaviour of “Tailless water flea” Simocephalus vetulus (Crustacea - Cladocera)

“…food detection and consumption, phototaxis, geotaxis and avoidance showed changes/fluctuations after exposure of copper sulphate (Table 1 (Ren et al, 2009;Kovacs et al, 2012;Terra and Gonçalves, 2013;and Jeong et al, 2014) as well as on the other crustaceans (Macedo-Sousa, 2007 andWiklund et al, 2011). Irratic swimming, loss of balance during swimming might be due to some neurological impairment in central nervous system as evident by inhibition of AChE by cadmium and other metals (Patro, 2006).…”

The importance of maintenance conditions of Daphnia magna Straus as a test organism for ecotoxicological analysis

“…In modern research the use of D. magna helps to evaluate a wide variety of their responses. The following assays can be used as test functions: heart rate , various morphological abnormalities , the nature and speed of movement , decrease in feeding activity because of toxicant damage of the gastrointestinal tract , and development and number of offspring . The most common are bioassays with D. magna wherein experimentally reliable integral parameters are evaluated such as survival, population growth, and fertility of individuals .…”

“…In bioassays, there is no agreement on the duration of a toxicological experiment. In a number of official documents it is recommended to carry out the experiment for 24 and 48 h, in the protocols it is strictly 48 h, in studies experiments lasted 24 or 57 h, and in the study they lasted only 2 or 4 h. In Russia, the acute toxicity on mortality of D. magna is evaluated after 96 h of exposition and in the variant with constant stirring of the test fluid, after 48 h .…”