A novel QCA circuit-switched network with power dissipation analysis for nano communication applications

Vahabi, Mohsen; Rahimi, Ehsan; Lyakhov, Pavel; Otsuki, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.nancom.2023.100438

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the inverse phase, each state value is changed to the opposite value by the Coulomb repulsive force. Since the output value of a strong inverter is changed by the Coulomb repulsive force of two cells, the signal strength is stronger than that of a weak inverter that is changed by one cell, and the value is transmitted stably [5][6][7]. A QCA cell has four clock states.…”

Section: Background Of Qcamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various existing digital circuits have been redesigned into QCA circuits. Most circuits have been designed and improved with an emphasis on reducing circuit area and latency [5][6][7]. In addition to this, research is being conducted to minimize the energy dissipation that occurs during circuit operation and fault tolerance [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Layer QCA Shift Registers and Wiring Structure for LFSR in Stream Cipher with Low Energy Dissipation in Quantum Nanotechnology

Jeon

2023

Electronics

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Pseudorandom numbers (PRN) are used in various cryptographic applications, such as cryptographic protocols and stream ciphers. The most efficient hardware method used to generate PRNs is to use a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) structure, which is generally composed of a Shift Register (SR) and an XOR gate. The most important factors in designing the entire LFSR structure are design cost and energy efficiency, which are highly dependent on the SR structure. In the proposed study, the structural characteristics and problems of existing various types of SRs are presented, and new multi-layered serial-in-serial-out (SISO) and parallel-in-parallel-out (PIPO) SRs are proposed. In addition, we compare and analyze the area-time complexity, design cost, and energy dissipation through simulation using QCADesigner and QCADesigner-E. As a result, the proposed SISO and PIPO showed a performance improvement of more than 27% compared to the existing structure, which showed the best performance, and showed energy dissipation reduction rates of about 65% and 59%, respectively. In particular, we proposed multi-layer wiring that can reduce energy dissipation and verified through simulation that it can save up to 24.8%.

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Section: Background Of Qcamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Layer QCA Shift Registers and Wiring Structure for LFSR in Stream Cipher with Low Energy Dissipation in Quantum Nanotechnology

Jeon

2023

Electronics

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“…Figure 3c,d shows circuits proposed by Ahmad et al, and Rezai et al The area of the circuits is greatly reduced using a combination of the rotated 3-input majority gate in Figure 2d and the general 3-input majority gate [39,40]. Jain et al, also used the rotated gate based on a multilayer structure [41], while Vahabi et al proposed a cell-interaction-based multiplexer with minimal area but latency in 2023 [42]. The area of the circuits is greatly reduced using a combination of the rotated 3-input majority gate in Figure 2d and the general 3-input majority gate [39,40].…”

Section: Typical 2-to-1 Multiplexermentioning

confidence: 99%

QCA-Based Secure RAM Cell Structure Using Logic Transformation and Cell Interaction with Signal Reliability and Energy Dissipation in Quantum Computing

Seo,

Jeon

2023

Applied Sciences

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A RAM cell, one of the components that greatly affects the performance of quantum computing, outputs mostly stored values on quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) as they are. Currently, a problem is that the stored value may be initialized according to the selection input. To solve this problem, circuits that separate the stored value from the output value have recently been designed, but most of them have long latency, large areas, and many plane structure intersections, resulting in unstable signals. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new secure QRAM (QCA-based RAM) cell logic by analyzing and modifying the existing cell logic in nanotechnology. We initially propose 2-to-1 multiplexers based on cell interaction, and a QRAM cell is proposed based on our multiplexer and an optimized QRAM cell logic diagram. Compared with existing designs, the proposed circuits produce superior results in terms of circuit performance and energy dissipation. Additionally, the operation of our multiplexers is verified mathematically using physical proof. The secure QRAM cell proposed in this paper does not have the initialization problem based on the selection input that is present in some existing circuits, thus it is very easy to design an extension to N × N RAM, and it has high signal stability, reliability, connectivity, and scalability because there is no intersection.

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“…QCA technology has been used to design different logics like adders 12 – 15 , switching networks 16 – 18 , code converters 19 – 21 , sequential circuits 22 – 26 , memories 27 – 31 , etc., for different applications. Different types of systems and devices are designed using QCA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing fault tolerance of RAM cell through MUX based modeling and design using symmetries of QCA cells

Naz,

Ahmed,

Mughal

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Extensive research is now being conducted on the design and construction of logic circuits utilizing quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology. This area of study is of great interest due to the inherent advantages it offers, such as its compact size, high speed, low power dissipation, and enhanced switching frequency in the nanoscale domain. This work presents a design of a highly efficient RAM cell in QCA, utilizing a combination of a 3-input and 5-input Majority Voter (MV) gate, together with a 2 × 1 Multiplexer (MUX). The proposed design is also investigated for various faults such as single cell deletion, single cell addition and single cell displacement or misalignment defects. The circuit under consideration has a high degree of fault tolerance. The functionality of the suggested design is showcased and verified through the utilization of the QCADesigner tool. Based on the observed performance correlation, it is evident that the proposed design demonstrates effectiveness in terms of cell count, area, and latency. Furthermore, it achieves a notable improvement of up to 76.72% compared to the present configuration in terms of quantum cost. The analysis of energy dissipation, conducted using the QCAPro tool, is also shown for various scenarios. It is seen that this design exhibits the lowest energy dispersion, hence enabling the development of ultra-low power designs for diverse microprocessors and microcontrollers.

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A novel QCA circuit-switched network with power dissipation analysis for nano communication applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Multi-Layer QCA Shift Registers and Wiring Structure for LFSR in Stream Cipher with Low Energy Dissipation in Quantum Nanotechnology

Multi-Layer QCA Shift Registers and Wiring Structure for LFSR in Stream Cipher with Low Energy Dissipation in Quantum Nanotechnology

QCA-Based Secure RAM Cell Structure Using Logic Transformation and Cell Interaction with Signal Reliability and Energy Dissipation in Quantum Computing

Optimizing fault tolerance of RAM cell through MUX based modeling and design using symmetries of QCA cells

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