In order to take into account the physical health of athletes and the quality of sports training, an optimization modeling and simulation method for the relationship between high-intensity training and sports injuries of athletes is proposed. The research of the specific content of the method is based on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional registration principles. In the research process, the program is written strictly according to the registration principle, and the correctness of the method is effectively tested by means of experimental methods. Digital image reconstruction measures based on 3D models may be based on ray tracing methods. The experimental results show that the number of accurate cases of this method is 77, and the accuracy rate is 96.3%. The proposed method can formulate a scientific and effective injury prevention strategy for athletes during high-intensity training.