A novel scoliosis instrumentation using special superelastic nickel–titanium shape memory rods: a biomechanical analysis using a calibrated computer model and data from a clinical trial

Computational modelling of the scoliotic spine: A literature review

“…Choice of rod material has influenced scoliotic correction. Rods made from shape memory materials have achieved similar correction to conventional rods but required lower insertion forces and generated lower post‐operative stresses at the bone‐instrumentation interface 147 …”

“…119 Unfortunately, a lack of in vivo and in vitro data from scoliotic subjects means scoliotic models have only been validated against normal spine data. 79,105 Alternatively, studies have used models which have been previously validated 12,141,145,147 or developed a new scoliotic spine model using methods validated previously for creating healthy 77,78 or scoliotic spine models. 143,146 While it is not ideal to use a model in a context far from the one for which it was validated, in some cases this is unavoidable due to the lack of in vivo or in vitro data.…”

“…Rods made from shape memory materials have achieved similar correction to conventional rods but required lower insertion forces and generated lower post-operative stresses at the bone-instrumentation interface. 147 In AIS, growing rods have been used to allow growth to continue while reducing scoliotic curvature. This treatment requires multiple interventions to change the length of the rods, which frequently break.…”