A novel self-generating nitrogen foamed cement: The preparation, evaluation and field application

Wang, Chengwen; Chen, Xin; Wang, Li; Ma, Hui; Wang, Ruihe

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2017.04.006

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The stability of foamed cement is an important factor to be considered since it greatly affects the generation of a slurry with uniform density when it is placed into the formation/casing or casing/casing annulus. 41 To have a stable structure, the bubbles generated should not coalesce, must be disconnected, and must be uniformly distributed throughout the pumping and curing periods. Stable foam cement slurries have uniform densities, then when hardened exhibit high strength and low porosity and permeability.…”

Section: Foam Cement Structure and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamed Cement Applications in Oil Industry Based on Field Experience: A Comprehensive Review

Mahmoud,

Abdelaal,

Adjei

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Foam cement is a versatile cementing material that has found numerous applications in the oil and gas industry. As research continues to advance and improve the properties of foam cement, it is likely that we will see an increased use of this material in the years to come. This review aims to summarize the current state of the art and the latest developments in the utilization of foam cement in oil fields. The study focuses on the key benefits of foam cement, including its light weight, excellent flow properties, ability to maintain its structural integrity over time, and high compressive strength. It also examines its various applications in oil field operations, such as cementing against fragile formations, well abandonment, zonal isolation, cementing offshore wells, and well remedial cementing. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the various factors that influence the performance of foam cement, such as the mixing design, foam structure, and stability. In addition, the methods for evaluating the foamed cementing job and the integrity of the formed cement sheath are also presented. The review also highlights the current challenges and limitations of foam cement technology that should be considered when using foamed cement in oil field applications and discusses the future directions for its development and optimization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of foam cement in oil fields and will be of great interest to engineers, researchers, and practitioners in the oil and gas industry.

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Section: Foam Cement Structure and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamed Cement Applications in Oil Industry Based on Field Experience: A Comprehensive Review

Mahmoud,

Abdelaal,

Adjei

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…Water-expandable cement systems reduce the density of oil-well cement slurry by increasing the water–cement ratio and adding bentonite, fly ash, or sodium metasilicate as tackifiers to avoid excess free water. 11 Foamed cement systems 12 are obtained by uniformly filling ordinary cement slurry with nitrogen gas bubbles, and the stability of the cement slurry is highly dependent on the capacity and performance of the filling gas. However, it is challenging for these two cement systems to meet the service requirements of a high temperature and a high pressure in the well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Low-Temperature Plasma-Modified Carbon Fibers on Impact Load Damage of Low-Density Oil-Well Cement

Ma,

Guo,

Liu

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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After large-scale exploitation of conventional oil and gas resources, most remaining resources are in highly depleted zones, where the fracture pressure of the formations is greatly reduced. Low-density oil-well cement prevents wellbore and formation fractures by reducing annular liquid column pressure and is one of the most commonly used cements in the oil and gas industry. However, cement sheaths made of low-density oil-well cement can be easily damaged due to the impact load generated during the well completion process. Incorporating carbon fibers into the cement matrix can effectively enhance the performance of cement sheaths. To ensure that carbon fibers can be closely combined with the cement matrix, low-temperature plasma modification technology was used in this study to pretreat the fibers. The mechanical properties of low-density oil-well cement incorporated with unmodified or modified carbon fibers were studied in detail under an impact load. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the content of hydrophilic groups on the surface increased from 18.3 to 60.3% after the plasma treatment. The impact test results showed that the peak strengths of the cements cured at 60 °C for 14 days with 0.3% unmodified and modified carbon fibers could reach 37.01 ± 1.7 and 62.27 ± 1.7 MPa, respectively, under the impact load, i.e., an increase of 68.25% after the carbon fibers were treated with low-temperature plasma. Similarly, the absorbed energy increased from 15.59 to 44.31 J, and the energy absorption rate increased from 25.98 to 73.85%. Low-temperature plasma modification provided hydrophilic functional groups on the surface, significantly improving the interfacial bonding between the carbon fibers and cement matrix. The strengthened interaction was beneficial to extending the bearing time under the impact load and demonstrated a positive influence on the mechanical properties related to the impact resistance.

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“…Currently, there are two methods for manufacturing thermally insulating composites. The rst is the introduction of air into the matrix material to form foams [20][21][22]. Although the resulting composite material exhibits low thermal conductivity, its poor mechanical properties, and extensive preparation requirements render it unsuitable for engineering applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight insulating oil-well cement filled with hollow glass microspheres and numerical simulation of its unsteady heat transfer process

Wang,

Ma,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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During subsea natural gas extraction, the free water and gas molecules present in the reservoir and the low-temperature and high-pressure conditions of the subsea environment cause the formation of hydrates; the blockage of the wellbore due to these hydrates is a critical issue that affects ow safety.Located between the wellbore and casing, well cement plays an important role in strengthening the wellbore and sealing off the oil, gas, and water layers. A cement that exhibits optimal mechanical strength and enhanced thermal insulation properties can contribute to preventing hydrate formation.However, research on such materials is rare. In this study, lightweight and thermally insulated (LWTI) composites with the desired mechanical strength for deep-sea natural gas development were prepared using oil-well cement (OWC) as the matrix and hollow glass microspheres (HGM) as the ller. A twophase mathematical model of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites was developed using the COMSOL Multiphysics software and solved using the nite element method. A transient heat transfer analysis of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites was performed. The effective thermal conductivities (k eff ) of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites were measured and the values agreed well with the simulation results. The k eff of the composites was approximately 0.371 W/(m•℃) when the HGM (D51.8) content was 40 vol.%.Compared to the traditional OWC (thermal conductivity ~ 0.889 W/(m•℃)), the thermal insulation performance of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites was signi cantly improved. In addition, the density, mechanical properties, and water absorption of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites were investigated. The densities of the HGM/OWC LWTI composites were found to be low, ranging from 1.31 to 1.94 g/cm 3 . The HGM/OWC LWTI composites exhibited good compressive strength and low permeability. Thus, HGM/OWC LWTI has promising applications in the thermal insulation of cemented wellbores for deepsea natural gas development.

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A novel self-generating nitrogen foamed cement: The preparation, evaluation and field application

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Foamed Cement Applications in Oil Industry Based on Field Experience: A Comprehensive Review

Foamed Cement Applications in Oil Industry Based on Field Experience: A Comprehensive Review

Effect of Low-Temperature Plasma-Modified Carbon Fibers on Impact Load Damage of Low-Density Oil-Well Cement

Lightweight insulating oil-well cement filled with hollow glass microspheres and numerical simulation of its unsteady heat transfer process

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