A Novel Solar Simulator Based on a Supercontinuum Laser for Solar Cell Device and Materials Characterization

Dennis, Tasshi; Schlager, John B.; Bertness, Kristine A.

doi:10.1109/jphotov.2014.2321659

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…After setting up the sun simulator, the device was run to characterize the class of the solar system in each category, including spectral match, spatial homogeneity, and temporal stability according to the IEC 60904-9 standard (Dennis et al, 2014). The real-time I-V curve of the standard solar cell was obtained in our sun simulator device, which validates the performance of our system.…”

Section: Solar System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Spatial Homogeneity Analysis-Spatial homogeneity de nes as a uniform and homogenous irradiance of the solar spectrum on all surfaces of the tested area from a solar device. The A-class sun simulator with maximum homogeneity shows a homogeneity deviation of less than the 2% threshold to obtain a high-performance characterization of a solar cell or an EIS measurement (Dennis et al, 2014).…”

Section: Solar System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar simulators are the most commonly developed illumination devices for evaluating solar cell characteristics due to their simplicity, reproducibility, and reliability (Esen et al, 2020). According to the standards of the international electro technical commission (IEC 60904-9) (Dennis et al, 2014) and the American society for testing and materials (ASTM 927-10) (Meng et al, 2011), solar simulators are categorized into three classes A, B, and C for terrestrial photovoltaic testing by simulating the global irradiance reaches the earth surface at an air mass of 1.5 around 100mW/cm 2 (AM1.5G). The illumination performance of solar simulators depends on three main factors with different standard values in each class, including spectral match, spatial non-uniformity of irradiance, and temporal instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

Nayeri

Rostami

Moghadam

2022

Preprint

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To characterize the solar cell parameters, the light emitting diode (LED)-based sun simulators have been developed using different types of LEDs and geometrical configurations in the various wavelength range. However, the optimal spectral match, spatial homogeneity, and temporal stability have not been attained in these systems. Moreover, their design is very complex, heavy, expensive, energy and time-consuming, and needs a professional operator. Here, we have introduced a cost-effective and smart RGB LED-based sun simulator that is controlled by an ARM microprocessor, which is adjustable using user-friendly windows software. The LED panel cover 22 peak wavelength in the range of 245–940 nm at 0.2 sun intensity compared with AM1.5G global solar spectrum sunlight containing 4 UV LED (245 nm), 56 RGB LED with a 10 mm center-to-center distance from each other (14 different peaks with 22nm intervals in the range of 380-680nm), five IR LEDs with different wavelengths, including 730, 740, 810, 850, and 940 nm in the area of 10×15 cm2. According to the IEC60904-9 and ASTM standards, we achieved the AAA-class performance in all three categories including spectral match, spatial homogeneity, and temporal instability for test planes 4×4 cm2 and 8 ×8 cm2 at a distance of 4 cm from the LED panel. We successfully measured the I-V parameter of the standard solar cell 3×3 cm in the real-time condition. This system is ultra-low cost, simple, user-friendly, and can be built and used in any research lab characterizing and monitoring solar cell parameters in real-time conditions.

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Section: Solar System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Solar System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

Nayeri

Rostami

Moghadam

2022

Preprint

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“…The scarcity of power in the UV-blue and infrared regions prevented the reliable utilization of Xe-lamp simulators to illuminate GaAs cells and the problem has already been highlighted in the PV community. [37][38][39] Current densities were normalized with respect to the maximum value (i.e., corresponding to 13 h conditions, 3.6 mA cm −2 ). Oriented toward the zenith direction, the concentrator was capable of illuminating the solar cells for each hour of the day (9 AM-5 PM) via millimetric motions in the x-y-z space of the concentrator optics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 25.1% Efficient Stand‐Alone Solar Chloralkali Generator Employing a Microtracking Solar Concentrator

Chinello

Modestino

Coulot³

et al. 2017

Global Challenges

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or where extending the power connection lines would not be economically justifiable. Besides its direct use for lighting, appliances, etc., stand-alone photovoltaic electricity can be utilized to generate a valuable chemical feedstock via electrochemical processes. They are the natural entry point for PV integration, as these processes specifically require direct electricity to operate. Their scalability, coupled with the possibility to modulate the load and possibly operate on-demand, facilitates the implementation of timevarying renewable energy sources. [2] Most of the research efforts have been recently devoted to the investigation of solar hydrogen devices, following two distinguished paths: photoelectrochemical (PEC) or photo voltaic-electrolysis (PV-E) devices. The latter approach appears to be more technologically mature for shortterm implementation and have been demonstrated using multijunction solar cells [3] and inexpensive silicon cells.[4] While most efforts in the past decades have focus on the development of cost-effective hydrogen-generators, little attention has been dedicated to the development of stand-alone solar-reactors for the electrochemical generation of different commodities, e.g., halides that can already count on an established industrial practice. [5] Chlorine is used as a feedstock for the manufacture of numerous products in more than 50% of all the industrial processes. [6] The main route to produce chlorine is the chloralkali process, one of the largest electrochemical operations in industry; it accounts for a yearly energy consumption of 150 TWh, 1% of the global overall and 2% of the US electrical production. [7] Molecular hydrogen and hydroxide ions (which can later be extracted as sodium hydroxide) are generated in the cathodic reaction. The predominant chloralkali electrochemical reactors implement membranes [8] that separate a De Nora DSA anode and a nickel-based cathode. [9] The anodic coating is a metallic oxide blend, constituted of a mixture of ruthenium and titanium oxides mainly. Beside the importance of chlorine and sodium hydroxide as chemical feedstocks, hydrogen could be fully recovered, power to a significant extent the process itself or serve as an energy vector and further impact different sectors (e.g., mobility). It is therefore evident that the chloralkali process (and oxidation of halides in general) holds an intrinsic economic advantage when compared to the traditional

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“…Only, when modeling the solar cell, it is necessary to take into account the effect of light. Ray Tracing [54], Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) [55] and Beam Propogation [56] methods are widely used for optical modeling of solar cells. In this paper, the optical modeling was performed using the TMM method.…”

Section: Theory Of Device Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of n-ZnO/p-Si and n-TiO₂/p-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells: TCAD + DFT

et al. 2023

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This paper focuses on exploring new materials and structure as a means to increase the efficiency of solar cells. Since silicon is widespread on earth, it is desirable to study heterojunction solar cells made mainly of silicon and new materials. Therefore, ZnO/Si and TiO2/Si heterojunction solar cells were studied in this paper. First, the electrical and optical properties of ZnO and TiO2 were determined using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE), PBE functional revised for solids (PBESol) and Perdew-Wang (PW91) functionals of the Generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in Density Functional Theory (DFT). The obtained results in various functionals are assessed and analyzed. It was found that geometric optimized structures of TiO2 and ZnO is mechanical stable. Accordingly, in all functionals, the effective mass of the electron in ZnO and TiO2 proved to be smaller than that of the hole. The mobility of electrons and holes in ZnO was calculated to be 430.72 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and 5.25 cm 2 V -1 s -1 respectively. In TiO2, it was 355.27 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and 46.38 cm 2 V -1 s -1 . When PW91, PBESol, PBE functionals were used, the dielectric constant was determined to be 11, 11.5, 8.5 for ZnO and 9.5, 10, 9 for TiO2, respectively. According to the DFT results, it was determined that ZnO and TiO2 are transparent and mainly n-type direct semiconductors. According to device simulation, the maximum short-circuit current of ZnO/Si and TiO2/Si heterojunction solar cells is 18 mA/cm 2 at a thickness of 80 nm and 15.3 mA/cm 2 at a thickness of 40 nm. Finally, the average fill factor of ZnO/Si and TiO2/Si solar cells was 0.73 and 0.76 respectively. So TiO2 can be used as a transparent contact and ZnO as an emitter layer in a silicon-based solar cell.

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A Novel Solar Simulator Based on a Supercontinuum Laser for Solar Cell Device and Materials Characterization

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

A 25.1% Efficient Stand‐Alone Solar Chloralkali Generator Employing a Microtracking Solar Concentrator

Investigation of n-ZnO/p-Si and n-TiO₂/p-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells: TCAD + DFT

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A Novel Solar Simulator Based on a Supercontinuum Laser for Solar Cell Device and Materials Characterization

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

Cost-effective and Smart AAA-Class RGB-LED-based Sun Simulator for Real-Time Characterization of Solar Cells

A 25.1% Efficient Stand‐Alone Solar Chloralkali Generator Employing a Microtracking Solar Concentrator

Investigation of n-ZnO/p-Si and n-TiO2/p-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells: TCAD + DFT

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Product

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About

Investigation of n-ZnO/p-Si and n-TiO₂/p-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells: TCAD + DFT