Long-term exposure to radioactive elements through water,
such
as thorium ions, has undesirable impacts and may cause serious health
problems like cancer. Therefore, this manuscript originally targets
detection and elimination of thorium ions from water samples, even
at trace concentrations. Herein, a novel ligand, (Z)-N-carbamimidoyl-4-((3-phenylnaphtho[1,2-b]furan-5-yl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonamide (CFBS), was synthesized
for fluorometric detection of thorium ions. Then, the prepared CFBS-ligand
was well-immobilized and grafted with mesoporous γ-Al2O3-like nanoneedles to prepare a hybrid mesoporous γ-Al2O3-like nanoneedles (CFBS@AlNNs) adsorbent. The
CFBS@AlNNs adsorbent was employed to adsorb and remove thorium ions
from an aqueous solution. The results indicated that trace concentrations
of thorium ions could be detected and removed with good sensitivity
and selectivity. The findings confirmed superior adsorption efficiency
(98%) and capacity (142 mg/g) of used CFBS@AINNs toward Th(IV) ions
at pH 4. The mechanism of Th(IV)-adsorption was explained mathematically
through kinetic studies, isotherm models, and computational studies.
One
of the key advantages of CFBS@AlNNs is its thorium selectivity even
in the presence of other coexisting ions. The CFBS@AlNN design showed
significant thorium-removal/adsorption capacity, although multiple
reuse/recycling followed a simple desorption process. Given its high
selectivity, fast diffusion, and highly efficient adsorption, the
CFBS@AlNNs sorbent can be considered a potential adsorbent to remove
and recover thorium ions from various water samples and can be used
to prevent the health risks related to the long-term and direct exposition
of thorium ions.