A novel spectrophotometric approach relies on a charge transfer complex between atomoxetine with quinone-based π-acceptor. Application to content uniformity test

In an acidic buffered solution, erythrosine B can react with amiodarone to form an association complex, which not only generates great enhancement in resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectrum of erythrosine B at 346.5 nm but also results in quenching of fluorescence spectra of erythrosine B at λemission = 550.4 nm/λexcitation = 528.5 nm. In addition, the formed erythrosine B–amiodarone complex produces a new absorbance peak at 555 nm. The spectral characteristics of the RRS, absorbance, and fluorescence spectra, as well as the optimum analytical conditions, were studied and investigated. As a result, new spectroscopic methods were developed to determine amiodarone by utilizing erythrosine B as a probe. Moreover, the ICH guidelines were used to validate the developed RRS, photometric, and fluorimetric methods. The enhancements in the absorbance and the RRS intensity and the decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the used probe were proportional to the concentration of amiodarone in ranges of 2.5–20.0, 0.2–2.5, and 0.25–1.75 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, limit of detection values were 0.52 ng/mL for the spectrophotometric method, 0.051 μg/mL for the RRS method, and 0.075 μg/mL for the fluorimetric method. Moreover, with good recoveries, the developed spectroscopic procedures were applied to analyze amiodarone in its commercial tablets.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the interaction between erythrosine B and the cardiac drug amiodarone using fluorescence, scattering, and absorbance spectra and their analytical application

AlSalem,

Alharbi,

Binkadem

et al. 2024

“…Neither the fluorometric methodology nor the RRS methodology has yet been used for the quantitation of HXZ. The reaction ion pair formation between certain drugs (contain basic amine center) and erythrosin B or 2,4,5,7‐tetraiodofluorescein (TDF) has been widely utilized to determine a variety of active pharmaceutical ingredients such as terbinafine, rupatadine, dapoxetine naftidrofuryl, duloxetine, amlodipine, perindopril, atomoxetine, fluvoxamine, and venlafaxine by applying either spectrofluorimetric technique or RRS technique [16–24]. Furthermore, TDF possesses advantageous characteristics in terms of its cost‐effectiveness and long‐term stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of resonance Rayleigh scattering and spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of the antihistaminic drug, hydroxyzine, based on its interaction with 2,4,5,7‐tetraiodofluorescein: Evaluation of analytical eco‐scale and greenness/whiteness algorithms

Abdel‐Lateef,

Darwish,

Gomaa

et al. 2024

In this work, two validated approaches were used for estimating hydroxyzine HCl for the first time using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and spectrofluorimetric techniques. The suggested approaches relied on forming an association complex between hydroxyzine HCl and 2,4,5,7‐tetraiodofluorescein (erythrosin B) reagent in an acidic media. The quenching in the fluorescence intensity of 2,4,5,7‐tetraiodofluorescein by hydroxyzine at 551.5 nm (excitation = 527.5 nm) was used for determining the studied drug by the spectrofluorimetric technique. The RRS approach is based on amplifying the RRS spectrum at 348 nm upon the interaction of hydroxyzine HCl with 2,4,5,7‐tetraiodofluorescein. The spectrofluorimetric methodology and the RRS methodology produced linear results within ranges of 0.15–1.5 μg ml−1 and 0.1–1.2 μg ml−1, respectively. LOD values for these methods were determined to be 0.047 μg ml−1 and 0.033 μg ml−1, respectively. The content of hydroxyzine HCl in its pharmaceutical tablet was estimated using the developed procedures with acceptable recoveries. Additionally, the application of four greenness and whiteness algorithms shows that they are superior to the previously reported method in terms of sustainability, economics, analytical performance, and practicality.

An ingenious technique based on the usage of fluorone‐based dye; pyrosin B in prucalopride assay in different matrices through an “on–off” dye native fluorescence probe

Abu‐hassan,

Mahdi,

Alshehri

et al. 2024

Prucalopride (PCD), is a modern medication approved by the United States in 2018 to alleviate constipation caused by motility issues. PCD demonstrates a strong affinity and selectivity toward the 5‐HT4 receptor. The study here introduces a feasible, direct, non‐extractive, and affordable pathway for PCD analytical tracking. The fluorimetric study is based on the on–off effect on the emission amplitude of fluorone‐based dye (pyrosin B). In a one‐pot experiment, the complex between PCD and pyrosin B is formed instantly in an acidic medium. Correlation between decreased pyrosin B emission and PCD concentrations provides a linear calibration plot from 50 to 900 ng/mL. PCD–dye complex system affecting variables were meticulously tuned. The values of the estimated limit of quantitation and limit of detection for the current methodology were 47.5 and 15.7 ng/mL, respectively. Conformity of the strategy validity was achieved by a comprehensive study of the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use criteria. The method was convincingly applied for PCD assay in tablets and content uniformity investigation. Furthermore, PCD tracking in the spiked biological fluid was applied. Finally, the method uses distilled water as dispersing medium which rise accommodation with the green chemistry principle.