“…In addition, we were also able to discriminate differences between ligand specificities for ACE or AT 1 by using the TOAC 3 -Ang II derivative, where TOAC (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid) is a spin-labeled amino acid that was internally coupled to Ang II. 21 TOAC 3 -Ang II, which is not able to bind or activate AT 1 receptors, 11,14 could stimulate CHO-ACE cells, increasing intracellular Ca 2ϩ , again suggesting a specific calcium signaling by ACE. In addition, we could demonstrate that the effect was specific for Ang II, because other peptides related to ACE metabolism, such as BK, BK1-5, Ac-SDKP, and Ang 1-7, were inactive.…”