A Novel Stator Cooling Structure for Yokeless and Segmented Armature Axial Flux Machine with Heat Pipe

Le, Wei; Lin, Mingyao; Lin, Keman; Li, Kai; Jia, Lun; Yang, Anchen; Wang, Shuai

doi:10.3390/en14185717

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…20. The flat heat pipe along with housing water jacket improves the temperature distribution of stator significantly [69]. Using nano-encapsulated phase-change material nanofluids as coolant with a small air gap ratio improves the heat transfer coefficient [70], [71].…”

Section: B Stator Winding Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Thermal Behavior and Cooling Aspects of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors–A Mechanical Approach

2023

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With the increasing demand for high-energy density motors for applications such as electric vehicles and aircraft propulsion, axial flux permanent magnet motors are promising. However, utmost care should be taken when designing an axial flux permanent magnet motor with a higher torque density because of thermal effects. To enhance the reliability and overall performance of a motor, efficient thermal management is important, because the torque density is restricted by maximum temperature. Therefore, this study comprehensively reviews different techniques used for the thermal modeling of motors. Computational fluid dynamics, the lumped parameter method, and finite element analysis were used to calculate the total heat transfer inside the motor. Various heat enhancement techniques for an axial flux permanent magnet motor have been presented, including core cooling (water jacket cooling, air cooling, and oil cooling) and winding cooling (direct slot cooling, end winding cooling, and fins). Finally, two case studies of an 8kW AFPM motor and a 65kW AFPM motor with a cooling arrangement are discussed.

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Section: B Stator Winding Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Thermal Behavior and Cooling Aspects of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors–A Mechanical Approach

2023

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“…The winding modules in electrical machines are generally considered to be anisotropic due to the insulating coating of the copper wires, the impregnating process of the winding section, and the air gaps between the wires. Therefore, the winding module is divided into in-slot winding and end winding for a clear temperature profile, where the heat is mainly transferred in the axial direction (along the z-axis) in the in-slot winding, while along the y-axis in the end winding [18,33]. Moreover, the laminated core is also designated as an anisotropic material with heat transfer mainly along the radial direction (x-axis and y-axis).…”

Section: Physical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Effect of Heat Pipe Inclination Angle on Temperature Distribution in Electrical Machines

Zhao,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Due to high equivalent thermal conductivity with lightweight and small size, heat pipes (HPs) are being extensively applied in the motor cooling system to improve its thermal performance. However, when practically installed in electrical machines, the inclination angle of the HP will affect its thermal conductivity and motor temperature distribution as well, which is still unclear. This article intends to figure out the effects of HP inclination angle on motor temperature distribution via both theoretical and experimental investigation. Based on the theoretical analysis of the HP inclination effect, the equivalent thermal conductivity of the HP with different inclination angles from 0 ° to 180 ° is experimentally investigated on a dedicated platform. Then, temperature distribution across a full-size statorwinding assembly with HPs is quantitatively studied using an established thermal model. Finally, the thermal simulation results are experimentally verified by testing on a processed specimen. The results indicate that the HP thermal performance degrades by over 80% with the inclination angle from 0 ° to 180 °, which results in a significant temperature nonuniformity across the motor under liquid cooling conditions.

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“…There are three typical methods for the thermal analysis of YASA machines, i.e., the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the finite element (FE) method, and the lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) method [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The CFD method can calculate the convective heat transfer coefficients, which are significant in electrical machine design [1,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the CFD model is usually complicated, which means it requires several days or even a week to establish and calculate the thermal model [14]. In [15], a novel stator cooling structure is introduced to improve the temperature distribution of the YASA machine, and the CFD method verifies the proposed cooling structure. The CFD method is applied in [16] to calculate an innovative water-cooling system for the YASA machine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Model Approach to the YASA Machine for In-Wheel Traction Applications

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Gao

et al. 2022

Energies

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The axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines with yokeless and segmented armature (YASA) topology are suitable for in-wheel traction systems due to the high power density and efficiency. To guarantee the reliable operation of the YASA machines, an accurate thermal analysis should be undertaken in detail during the electrical machine design phase. The technical contribution of this paper is to establish a detailed thermal analysis model of the YASA machine by the lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) method. Compared with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and the finite element (FE) method, the LPTN method can obtain an accurate temperature distribution with low time consumption. Firstly, the LPTN model of each component of the YASA machine is constructed with technical details. Secondly, the losses of the YASA machine are obtained by the electromagnetic FE analysis. Then, the temperature distribution of the machine can be calculated by the LPTN model and loss information. Finally, a prototype of the YASA machine is manufactured and its temperature distribution under different operating conditions is tested by TT-K-30 thermocouple temperature sensors. The experimental data matches the LPTN results well.

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A Novel Stator Cooling Structure for Yokeless and Segmented Armature Axial Flux Machine with Heat Pipe

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Review on Thermal Behavior and Cooling Aspects of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors–A Mechanical Approach

Review on Thermal Behavior and Cooling Aspects of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors–A Mechanical Approach

Research on the Effect of Heat Pipe Inclination Angle on Temperature Distribution in Electrical Machines

Thermal Model Approach to the YASA Machine for In-Wheel Traction Applications

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