A novel strategy for direct elemental determination using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: fluence calibration

Abstract

Quantitative analysis requires several efforts to obtain an adequate calibration method to overcome matrix effects employing direct solid analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). To this end, in this study,...

A novel method for correcting the effect of the lens-to-sample distance change on the signal intensity in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

“…In practice, the signal intensity of the observed LIBS spectral line may be influenced by several factors: (i) the intrinsic property of an atom, which can be described in terms of the transition probability ( A nm ); 21 (ii) the intrinsic laser properties (such as the wavelength, repetition rate, and power density focused on the sample surface), recorded as φ ; (iii) the spectrometer parameters (such as delay time and gate width), recorded as σ ; (iv) the different physical characteristics of the sample (such as the particle size distribution, microhomogeneity, and water content), recorded as ψ . 22 Therefore, I θ can be described as I θ = f ( A nm , φ , σ , ψ )…”