A novel strategy of designing neutrophil elastase fluorescent probe based on self-immolative group and its application in bioimaging

Fluorescent Probes as a Tool in Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Systems

“…Li et al used the same strategy for the real-time and specific detection of neutrophil elastase in living cells [ 54 ]. Overexpression of neutrophil elastase may degrade some proteins leading to serious lung diseases such as lung injury, chronic obstructive lung disease, acute respiratory, and distress syndrome.…”

“…Therefore, the detection of neutrophil elastase in living organisms could be used as a critical biomarker for the diagnosis of lung diseases and lung cancer. Probe 9 was designed as a new strategy for the construction of a neutrophil elastase fluorescent probe [ 54 ]. It contained pentafluoropropionyl as a receptor fragment that was bounded to a 4-trifluoromethyl-7-hydroxyl coumarin fluorophore ( Figure 9 ).…”

“… Construction of NE probe 9 containing hydroxyl fluorophores and self-immolation group. Adapted with permission from [ 54 ]. Copyright (2023) Elsevier.…”

Advancing Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis Accuracy via Dual Detection Fluorescent Nanoprobes

“…Hence, lung cancer patients are frequently diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in low survival rates. Early diagnosis of lung cancer significantly enhances cure rates, − reduces incidence, and prolongs patient survival. − Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE) is a typical serine protease , that cleaves extracellular matrix components in NSCLC, accelerating lung tumor growth and promoting cancer development, thus serving as an early biomarker for NSCLC. , Calpain-2 (CAPN2), a major cysteine protease in the calcium-mediated calpain family, , plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis and cell migration, that overexpression of CAPN2 contributes to tumor growth in NSCLC. − Several methods for detecting HNE and CAPN2, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, electrochemical sensors, and polymerase chain reaction, have been reported, − but limited by complexity, time consumption, and high costs. − Due to the potential for misdiagnosis when only one biomarker is tested in the early stages of lung cancer, the development of simultaneous detection for two lung cancer biomarkers (CAPN2 and HNE) can significantly enhance the accuracy of early lung cancer diagnosis.…”

“…8−10 Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE) is a typical serine protease 11,12 that cleaves extracellular matrix components in NSCLC, accelerating lung tumor growth and promoting cancer development, thus serving as an early biomarker for NSCLC. 13,14 Calpain-2 (CAPN2), a major cysteine protease in the calcium-mediated calpain family, 15,16 plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis and cell migration, that overexpression of CAPN2 contributes to tumor growth in NSCLC. 17−19 Several methods for detecting HNE and CAPN2, such as enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, electrochemical sensors, and polymerase chain reaction, have been reported, 20−22 but limited by complexity, time consumption, and high costs.…”