A Novel Sulfatide, GlcCer-I6 Sulfate, from the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis

Yamada, So; Matsumuro, Yuki; Inoue, Takashi; Kitamura, Tomonori; Itonori, Saki; Sugita, Mutsumi; Ito, Masahiro

doi:10.5650/jos.56.129

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Genomic analyses of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis ( C. intestinalis ) [ 17 – 20 ] and Florida lancelet Branchiostoma floridae (B. floridae ) [ 21 ] suggest that the lancelet diverged to the mammalian lineage earlier than the ascidian. Previously, we analyzed the structure of glycosphingolipids among ascidians, such as C. intestinalis and Halocynthia roretzi ( H. roretzi ), where we characterized novel acidic glycosphingolipids, i.e., a sulfatide from C. intestinalis [ 22 ] and an uronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid from H. roretzi [ 23 ]. However, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, such as gangliosides, were not identified in the ascidians despite the presence of gangliosides in Echinodermata [ 16 ] and Vertebrata [ 24 ] among Deuterostomia.…”

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Investigation of glycan evolution based on a comprehensive analysis of glycosyltransferases using phylogenetic profiling

et al. 2015

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Glycans play important roles in such cell-cell interactions as signaling and adhesion, including processes involved in pathogenic infections, cancers, and neurological diseases. Glycans are biosynthesized by multiple glycosyltransferases (GTs), which function sequentially. Excluding mucin-type O-glycosylation, the non-reducing terminus of glycans is biosynthesized in the Golgi apparatus after the reducing terminus is biosynthesized in the ER. In the present study, we performed genome-wide analyses of human GTs by investigating the degree of conservation of homologues in other organisms, as well as by elucidating the phylogenetic relationship between cephalochordates and urochordates, which has long been controversial in deuterostome phylogeny. We analyzed 173 human GTs and functionally linked glycan synthesis enzymes by phylogenetic profiling and clustering, compiled orthologous genes from the genomes of other organisms, and converted them into a binary sequence based on the presence (1) or absence (0) of orthologous genes in the genomes. Our results suggest that the non-reducing terminus of glycans is biosynthesized by newly evolved GTs. According to our analysis, the phylogenetic profiles of GTs resemble the phylogenetic tree of life, where deuterostomes, metazoans, and eukaryotes are resolved into separate branches. Lineage-specific GTs appear to play essential roles in the divergence of these particular lineages. We suggest that urochordates lose several genes that are conserved among metazoans, such as those expressing sialyltransferases, and that the Golgi apparatus acquires the ability to synthesize glycans after the ER acquires this function.

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Investigation of glycan evolution based on a comprehensive analysis of glycosyltransferases using phylogenetic profiling

et al. 2015

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“…Among acidic GSLs in Urochordata, we reported a sulfated GSL HSO 3 -6GlcCer in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis 18 . The most well-known sulfated GSL is sulfatide, a sulfate group-substituted galactose at the C3 position HSO 3 -3Galβ1-Cer .…”

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Characterization of a Novel Rhamnose-containing Acidic Glycosphingolipid from the Ascidian <i>Haloc</i><i>ynthia aurantium</i>

et al. 2017

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“…Research on ascidians has advanced in the post-genome era, with a focus on glycans and lipids. Recently, 2 novel acidic glycosphingolipids were detected in 2 ascidians-C. intestinalis and H. roretzi 12,13) . Although ascidian phospholipid has not yet been isolated, sphingomyelin has been estimated on the basis of binding of lysenin to sphingomyelin.…”

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“…The yields of sphingomyelin in each ascidian were also similar ( ). We have identified novel acidic glycosphingolipids, sulfated glycosphingolipid (SGL-1) 12) and uronic acid-contained glycosphingolipid (UGL-1) 13) , and several neural glycosphingolipids (in preparations) from 2 ascidians, C. intestinalis (Enterogona) and H. roretzi (Pleurogona). The major components of the ceramide moiety of SGL-1 consisted of C16:0, 2-hydroxy-C21:0 and 2-hydroxy-C22:0 fatty acids and C16-, C17-, branched C17-, C18-and branched C18-phytosphingosines, while that of the ceramide moiety of UGL-1 consisted of C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids and C16-, C17-and C18-phytosphingosines.…”

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Sphingomyelins in Four Ascidians, Ciona intestinalis, Halocynthia roretzi, Halocynthia aurantium, and Styela clava

Ito¹,

Yokoi²,

Inoue³

et al. 2009

J. Oleo Sci.

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Sphingomyelin is rarely found in lower animals, while sphingophospholipid is a characteristic of higher animals. In this study, sphingomyelin was first isolated and characterized from ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Ascidian sphingomyelin was prepared using ion exchange (QAE-Sphadex-A25) and silicic acid (Florisil and Iatrobeads) column chromatographies. The chemical structure was characterized by fatty acid analysis, sphingoid analysis, hydrogen fluoride degradation, acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, infrared analysis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The ceramide moieties of C. intestinalis sphingomyelin consisted primarily of C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 fatty acids and d18:2 sphingadiene. Furthermore, sphingomyelins were isolated and characterized from 3 other ascidians, Halocynthia roretzi, Halocynthia aurantium, and Styela clava using the same methods. Comparative analysis of the sphingomyelin structures in 4 ascidian species-C. intestinalis (Enterogona) and H. roretzi, H. aurantium, and S. clava (Pleurogona)-revealed that the major fatty acid composition of the ceramides was similar, and that they differed in minor components.

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A Novel Sulfatide, GlcCer-I6 Sulfate, from the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Investigation of glycan evolution based on a comprehensive analysis of glycosyltransferases using phylogenetic profiling

Investigation of glycan evolution based on a comprehensive analysis of glycosyltransferases using phylogenetic profiling

Characterization of a Novel Rhamnose-containing Acidic Glycosphingolipid from the Ascidian <i>Haloc</i><i>ynthia aurantium</i>

Sphingomyelins in Four Ascidians, Ciona intestinalis, Halocynthia roretzi, Halocynthia aurantium, and Styela clava

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