A novel system of peptidergic regulation

Abstract

Systematic analysis of structure and biological activity of peptide components of tissue extracts and biological fluids allows us to formulate a novel concept of a peptidergic regulatory system, complementary to the conventional regulatory systems (i.e. nervous, endocrine and paracrine systems). According to that concept, the proteolytic degradation of tissue proteins carried out by a specific and regulated system of tissue-specific enzymes and protein substrates gives rise to a large group of peptides, which we define as tissue-specific peptide pool. As a result, functional proteins provide their proteolytically derived fragments for maintaining tissue homeostasis.z 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

Radioligand Binding Properties of VV-Hemorphin 7, an Atypical Opioid Peptide

“…Considering that LVV-hemorphin 7 differs from VV-hemorphin 7 only in the N-terminal leucine residue, we examined the effect of angiotensin IV (ValTyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe) on value of and 5.1 Ϯ 2.33 ϫ 10 Ϫ7 M (graph not shown). This value fits with the in vivo concentrations and affinities of hemorphins and related peptides described by different authors (17,38).…”

“…These peptides, as most of central nervous system neurotransmitters, act on opioid receptors in a concentration of the nanomolar range. Karelin et al proposed (38), that hemorphins, as members of a tissue-specific peptide pool, can contribute to the functioning of a novel system of peptidergic regulation. Proteolytic degradation of functional proteins gives rise to a series of peptide fragments which maintain the tissue homeostasis of the organism.…”

Haid daripada Perspektif Sains dan Maqasid Syariah

“…Darah haid yang normal daripada wanita sihat sangat kaya dengan pecahan hemosidinhaemoglobin yang mempunyai ciri bakterisidal (Mak et al 2000). Hemoglobin (Hb) merupakan sumber peptida bioaktif yang bersifat analgesik, hemopoietik, penggalak pengecutan koranoarteri dan antigonadotropik (Karelin et al 1998;Petrov et al 1997). Preethi dan Jayanthi (2012) juga telah membuktikan bahawa Hb dipecahkan untuk menghasilkan banyak sebatian aktif secara biologi seperti hemosidin yang berperanan menggalakkan ciri antimikrob.…”

Milk proteins-derived bioactive peptides in dairy products: molecular, biological and methodological aspects

“…Food protein peptides can lower blood pressure, inhibit the activity of proline-specifi c endopeptidases, stimulate the immune system, act as opioids and opioid antagonists, contract smooth muscles, inhibit blood platelet aggregation, inhibit HIV proteinase and oxidation processes, demonstrate antibacterial and fungicidal activity and surface activity, bind ions, participate in mineral transport, determine sensory properties, improve the nutritional value of foods and control body weight [Dziuba and Darewicz 2007]. According to the current state of scientifi c knowledge, in addition to fulfi lling its basic roles, every protein can contain fragments that control life processes in various organisms [Karelin et al 1998]. New, additional criteria have been developed for evaluating proteins as a potential source of biologically active peptides.…”