Silk
fibroin, a biodegradable component of silk, is increasingly
used for various applications and studied intensively. Recently, a
technique for preparing nanofibers without using chemicals has been
gaining attention from the environmental impact and safety perspectives.
This study focuses on the structure observation of ground silk fibroin
(GF) prepared using a grinding method, which is a physical nanofibrillation
method. The fabricated nanofiber samples were examined in detail using
the X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),
micro Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques.
The nanofibrillated structures were observed in both GF and regenerated
silk fibroin (RF) samples prepared using the conventional method.
As results, AFM images showed that the nanofibril diameter of GF was
about 1.64 nm and that of RF was about 0.32 nm. Methanol treatment
induced a structural transition from a random coil to a β-sheet
for the RF film, but it had no effect on the GF film. Thus, it is
suggested that the grinding method provides not only ultrafine silk
fibroin nanofibers without using toxic reagents but also resistance
to reagents such as methanol.