A novel tetravalentLeptospirabacterin protects against infection and shedding following challenge in dogs

Abstract

Recent evidence based on the current epidemiological situation suggests that vaccines against canine leptospirosis in Europe should be directed against infection with Leptospira interrogans (sensu lato) serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Australis. In the eight studies presented here, dogs were vaccinated with Nobivac L4 (MSD Animal Health), a new tetravalent inactivated vaccine containing antigen from four strains representing these four serogroups. The dogs were then challenged, together with unvaccinated control dogs, using heterologous strains from the same four serogroups. In four of the studies, pups without agglutinating antibodies against the four serogroups were vaccinated with Nobivac L4 vaccine. In a further four studies, Nobivac L4 vaccine was given 48 hours after administration of antiserum from vaccinated dogs designed to mimic the serological status of pups with maternally derived antibodies against these serogroups. In all eight studies, vaccine efficacy was assessed in terms of antibody response, clinical signs, fever, thrombocyte count, frequency of positive isolation of challenge organisms from blood, urine and kidney and frequency of interstitial nephritis. The results demonstrate that Nobivac L4 vaccine induces sterile immunity against leptospiraemia and renal infection with strains of serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Grippotyphosa, and induces sterile immunity against leptospiraemia with a strain of serogroup Australis. Since sterile immunity was achieved in pups pretreated with antiserum as well, it can be concluded that this vaccine is also likely to be efficacious in the face of maternally derived antibodies in pups from the age of six weeks.

A novel octavalent combined Erysipelas, Parvo and Leptospira vaccine provides (cross) protection against infection following challenge of pigs with 9 different Leptospira interrogans serovars

“…that one serovar induces cross-protection against other serovars within the same serogroup but evidence, especially in pigs, is limited [9, 10]. The objective of the present study was to evaluate efficacy of the new combination vaccine Porcilis® Ery + Parvo + Lepto against nine different homologous as well as heterologous Leptospira serovar challenge strains.…”

Suspecter, diagnostiquer et prévenir la leptospirose chez le chien

“…Jusqu'en 2012, les seuls vaccins disponibles en France étaient inactivés bivalents contre les sérogroupes Icterohaemorrhagiae et Canicola. À partir des années 80, l'implication additionnelle des sérogroupes Australis et Grippotyphosa dans les formes cliniques de leptospirose canine observées en Europe devient évidente (Renaud et al, 2013;Major et al, 2014) pour réduire l'infection et le portage sain vis-à-vis des sérogroupes inclus (Wilson et al 2013 ;Klaasen et al, 2013). En Europe, il est recommandé d'utiliser des vaccins quadrivalents plutôt que bivalents pour étendre le spectre de protection (Schuller et al, 2015).…”

Screening for Leptospira DNA in blood and urine from 30 apparently healthy dogs

“…Dogs are the maintenance host for the Canicola serovar and an incidental host for other serovars [1]. Canine Leptospirosisvaccines are reported to provide longterm protection not only against infection but also against the renal carrier state for the vaccine-targeted serogroups [3], [4], [5], [6]. Leptospiruria in incidental hosts is considered a transient, intermittent and low-intensity condition [2], [7].…”