“…When an external force is required to mix the fluids, we can call it an active micromixer. Different types of fields are used in an active micromixer, such as magnetic, 4,5 radio frequency, 6 electroosmotic 7,8 and surface acoustic wave. 9–11 Similarly, a passive micromixer device can have different physiological structures, such as Y-type, 12 T-shape, 13 grooves/obstacles, 14 split–recombine, 15 serpentine 16 and herringbone type structures.…”