“…That is, let c 1 = c 2 = 100,d 1 =d 2 = 160,200,220 ð Þ ,ê 1 =ê 2 = 1:0,2:0,3:0 ð Þ andĝ = 1:2,1:8,2:8 ð Þ . Then, the optimal pricings and α-optimistic values of providers' profits are calculated using the Bertrand game method in (Tan et al, 2018) and the Stackelberg game method in (Liu & Xu, 2014), respectively.…”