A Novel Z Profile of Pultruded Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Beams for Purlins

Abstract

Purlins made from galvanised steel in fertiliser warehouses have often been considered less efficient, necessitating a new purlin made using corrosion-resistant material to increase building efficiency. This study was an attempt to design a nine-metre purlin from glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite material for a new fertiliser warehouse in Bontang-East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The purlin design selected in this study was the Z profile of pultruded beams from GFRP composite material that met the criteria of an efficient purlin, such as corrosion resistance, compact stacking, and ability to withstand technical loads. In particular, the Z profile becomes compact when stacked, and the GFRP material used is corrosion-resistant yet affordable. The primary materials for GFRP composites consist of long yarn glass fibre bundles for reinforcement and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) for the matrix. Material strength modelling was based on analytical and finite element approaches. The analysis shows that the most considerable normal stress of “64.41 MPa” occurred at the two fixed end supports, while the most significant deflection of “45.9 mm” occurred at the mid-span of the purlin structure. The purlin structure was considered safe, as the strength and deflection were below the threshold. Thus, the Z profile of the pultruded purlin beams built using the GFRP composite material meets the technical criteria.

Fatigue and Impact Properties of Kenaf/Glass-Reinforced Hybrid Pultruded Composites for Structural Applications

“…Calcium carbonate serves as The pultrusion process parameters such as pull speed (30 cm/min), pull force (6 Bar), and die temperature (159 • C) has been set optimally according to the kenaf fibre mats' ability to withstand the force and temperature without being damaged [30,31]. The overall fibre/matrix ratio was fixed at 55/45 to achieve a high strength-to-weight ratio in the profiles [32]. The optimum fibre-to-matrix ratio typically ranges from 50 to 60% in pultrusion, as fibre content ratios less than 50% result in difficulties in curing and shaping the profiles.…”

Physical Properties of Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Filled with Alumina Trihydrate and Calcium Carbonate

“…Therefore, steel plates for gutters are usually provided with a corrosion protective coating. Various methods have been applied to protect steel materials from degradation due to corrosion, be it coatings with polymers or galvanising coatings of zinc or zinc-aluminium alloys and coatings with polymers [1,2]. The protective layer of the steel gutter of polymer material can be worked in the field by painting or spraying/rubbing the polymer material.…”