A new formalism, called "tensor optimized Fermi sphere (TOFS) method", is developed to treat the nuclear matter using a bare interaction among nucleons. In this method, the correlated nuclear matter wave function is taken to be a power series type, Ψ N = [ N n=0 (1/n!)F n ]Φ 0 and an exponential type, Ψ ex = exp(F )Φ 0 , with the uncorrelated Fermi-gas wave function Φ 0 , where the correlation operator F can induce central, spin-isospin, tensor, etc. correlations, and Ψ ex corresponds to a limiting case of Ψ N (N → ∞). In the TOFS formalism based on Hermitian form, it is shown that the energy per particle in nuclear matter with Ψ ex can be expressed in terms of a linked-cluster expansion. On the basis of these results, we present the formula of the energy per particle in nuclear matter with Ψ N . We call the N th-order TOFS calculation for evaluating the energy with Ψ N , where the correlation functions are optimally determined in the variation of the energy. The TOFS theory is applied for the study of symmetric nuclear matter using a central NN potential with short-range repulsion. The calculated results are fairly consistent to those of other theories such as the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach etc.One of the fundamental problems in nuclear physics is to understand the properties of homogeneous nuclear and neutron matter on the basis of the bare interaction among nucleons.Their information at high density plays a crucial role in the determination of the structure of neutron-star interiors [1,2]. On the other hand, α-particle (quartet) condensation, induced by the strong quartet correlations, is predicted to occur at lower density region of symmetric nuclear matter [3][4][5][6][7][8]. This is related to α-cluster states in finite system, such as the Hoyle state in 12 C, observed in the excited energy region of light nuclei [9][10][11][12][13].Over the year several many-body theories have been developed to describe symmetric nuclear and neutron matter, since Brueckner et al. presented their famous theories in 1950s, ie. the Brueckner theory [14-16] and Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone theory [17][18][19].In the non-relativistic framework, the following typical approaches have been proposed so far: The Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) approach [16,[20][21][22], the Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone (BBG) approach up to the third order in hole-line expansion [23][24][25][26][27][28], the selfconsistent Green's function (SCGF) method [29][30][31][32], the auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo (AFDMC) [33, 34], the Green's function Monte Carlo (GFMC) [35], the Fermi hypernetted chain (FHNC) method [36-41], the coupled-cluster (CC) method [42, 43], the quantum Monte Carlo lattice calculation [44], and so on. Using the FHNC method with the modern nuclear Hamiltonian composed of the Argonne V18 (AV18) two-nucleon interaction [45] and the Urbana IX three-nucleon interaction [46], Akmal, Pandharipande, and Ravenhall evaluated the ground-state energies for symmetric nuclear matter and neutron matter, taking into account the boost effect c...