A Nucleosidase Required for In Vivo Function of the S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine Radical Enzyme, Biotin Synthase

Choi-Rhee, Eunjoo; Cronan, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.04.012

Cited by 70 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…MTANs are required in a diverse array of biosynthetic pathways (37)(38)(39) that have yet to be implicated in Chlamydia (e.g. polyamine biosynthesis, quorum sensing, DNA methylation, etc.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6A), the enzymatic characterization of CT263 indicates that only AFL can be hydrolyzed at a physiological rate. Traditionally, MTANs hydrolyze intermediates of AdoMet utilization pathways (37)(38)(39), which include substrates that were not processed by CT263 (e.g. MTA and AdoHcy, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification of CT263 Substrates and Hydrolyzed Products-MTAN enzymes have been demonstrated to hydrolyze a variety of substrates, including 5Ј-methylthioadenosine (MTA), AdoHcy, and 6-amino-6-deoxyfutalosine (AFL) (37)(38)(39). Typically, these enzymes catalyze N-glycosidic bond hydrolysis between N9 of adenine and C1 of the thioribose.…”

Section: Bioinformatic Support Of Futalosine Pathway In Chlamydiaceae-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis Hypothetical Protein CT263 Supports That Menaquinone Synthesis Occurs through the Futalosine Pathway

Barta

Thomas

Yuan

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Specific pathways and components for respiration in Chlamydia are poorly understood. Results: The C. trachomatis hypothetical protein CT263 crystal structure displays strong structural similarity with 5Ј-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase enzymes. Conclusion: Bioinformatic analyses and enzymatic characterization of CT263 suggest menaquinone biosynthesis proceeds through the futalosine pathway in Chlamydiaceae. Significance: Unique structural aspects of the CT263 active site can be leveraged to modify existing transition state inhibitors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioinformatic Support Of Futalosine Pathway In Chlamydiaceae-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis Hypothetical Protein CT263 Supports That Menaquinone Synthesis Occurs through the Futalosine Pathway

Barta

Thomas

Yuan

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Enzyme group 4 consisted of C-5 cytosinespecific DNA methylase and SP-beta prophage DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase (Bsubtilis_ydiO Bsubtilis _ydiP Bsubtilis_mtbP; EC 2.1.1.37; COG0270L, K00558, and PF00145 [51,81]), and 5=-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase and S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (mtn Streptococci_pfs; EC 3.2.2.16 and EC 3.2.2.9; COG0775F, K01243, and PF1048 [10,55]). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Analysis of Cysteine and Methionine Metabolism and Its Regulation in Dairy Starter and Related Bacteria

et al. 2012

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f Sulfuric volatile compounds derived from cysteine and methionine provide many dairy products with a characteristic odor and taste. To better understand and control the environmental dependencies of sulfuric volatile compound formation by the dairy starter bacteria, we have used the available genome sequence and experimental information to systematically evaluate the presence of the key enzymes and to reconstruct the general modes of transcription regulation for the corresponding genes. The genomic organization of the key genes is suggestive of a subdivision of the reaction network into five modules, where we observed distinct differences in the modular composition between the families Lactobacillaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Leuconostocaceae, on the one hand, and the family Streptococcaceae, on the other. These differences are mirrored by the way in which transcription regulation of the genes is structured in these families. In the Lactobacillaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Leuconostocaceae, the main shared mode of transcription regulation is methionine (Met) T-box-mediated regulation. In addition, the gene metK, Many of the characteristic flavors in fermented dairy products such as cheese and yoghurt are the result of metabolic reactions involving sulfur-containing amino acids. The microorganisms applied in these products degrade cysteine and methionine, resulting in the production of flavor components such as methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS). Insight into the regulatory signals and pathways that control the corresponding metabolic fluxes involved in the formation of these flavor compounds and their precursors is essential to rationally control and steer the flavor profiles of said dairy products.The microorganisms used to produce fermented dairy products belong to the taxonomic order Lactobacillales, which includes the families Enterococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Leuconostocaceae, and Streptococcaceae. Many of the respective species are characterized by the fact that they produce lactic acid and are therefore known as the lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The transcription of genes encoding the proteins that are involved in cysteine and methionine metabolism in lactic acid bacteria and other Lactobacillales is controlled by both regulator-binding and RNA structural switches. In various Streptococcaceae, the LysR-family transcription regulators MtaR and CmbR have been shown to be involved in activation as well as repression of genes such as cysD, cysK, metA, metC, metE, and metF (e.g., for Lactococcus lactis [25,70] and Streptococcus mutans [36,68]). The transcription regulator HomR was reported to control the expression of metB in S. mutans and Streptococcus thermophilus (69). In addition, three types of RNA structural switches for the regulation of cysteine and methionine metabolism have been reported for low-GC-content Grampositive bacteria: the T box, the S box, and the S MK box (14,22,59,77,80). These sequence elements at the 5= untranslated region of an...

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“…pfs is central to this process, as both characterized pfs enzymatic reactions produce adenine (from either S-adenosylhomocysteine or methylthioadenosine), which is recycled during exponential growth (not shown in Fig. 7) and broken down and detected in the medium of stationary-phase cells (4,20,25,26). Thus, pfs and dgt work together to break down purine under conditions of purine excess.…”

Section: Vol 188 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli pfs Transcription: Regulation and Proposed Roles in Autoinducer-2 Synthesis and Purine Excretion

2006

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Pfs expression is required for several metabolic pathways and limits the production of autoinducer-2, a molecule proposed to play a central role in interspecies quorum sensing. The present study reveals physiological conditions and promoter DNA elements that regulate Escherichia coli pfs transcription. Pfs transcription is shown to rely on both sigma 70 and sigma 38 (rpoS), and the latter is subject to induction that increases pfs expression. Transcription is maximal as the cells approach stationary phase, and this level can be increased by salt stress through induction of sigma 38-dependent expression. The pfs promoter is shown to contain both positive and negative elements, which can be used by both forms of RNA polymerase. The negative element is contained within the overlapping dgt promoter, which is involved in purine metabolism. Consideration of the physiological roles of sigma 38 and dgt leads to a model for how autoinducer production is controlled under changing physiological conditions.The pfs gene, encoding the 5Ј-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase enzyme, is required for polyamine synthesis, adenine and methionine salvage, removal of toxic metabolites, and creation of luxS-dependent autoinducers (AIs) of quorum sensing in Escherichia coli and related bacteria (5,22,26). As quorum sensing involves cell-to-cell signaling, it would be expected to be a highly regulated process. Gene fusions have shown that the pfs-luxS pathway of AI-2 synthesis is limited by the expression of pfs rather than luxS (3). Pfs expression rises as cells approach stationary phase and then falls. AI-2 synthesis follows a similar pattern (31). AI-2 is excreted until stationary phase is reached, when it begins to be imported (27,31). The sources of these regulatory events are not known, and their significance with respect to quorum sensing is not well understood. In interspecies quorum sensing, it has been proposed that products of the pfs/luxS pathway, AI-2 molecules, accumulate from multiple bacterial species and then signal the population to behave coordinately (12, 32). The issue is important because quorum sensing is a widespread phenomenon and has been invoked as a potential target of therapeutic intervention (2).Because the expression of pfs rises as stationary phase approaches (3), we considered the possibility that the source of the rise might be induction of rpoS-dependent transcription. rpoS encodes sigma 38, which is induced in response to multiple stresses and directs the transcription of numerous genes that deal with physiological stress (10). Its initial expression pattern mimics that seen for pfs; sigma 38 is induced as cells sense the stresses that will lead to the halt in growth that is characteristic of stationary phase (14). If sigma 38 were the source of pfs regulation, this would have implications for events such as quorum sensing, which is proposed to be controlled by the AI system.We now report that rpoS-dependent expression is indeed the source of pfs induction. Overall, pfs transcripti...

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A Nucleosidase Required for In Vivo Function of the S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine Radical Enzyme, Biotin Synthase

Cited by 70 publications

References 29 publications

Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis Hypothetical Protein CT263 Supports That Menaquinone Synthesis Occurs through the Futalosine Pathway

Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis Hypothetical Protein CT263 Supports That Menaquinone Synthesis Occurs through the Futalosine Pathway

Computational Analysis of Cysteine and Methionine Metabolism and Its Regulation in Dairy Starter and Related Bacteria

Escherichia coli pfs Transcription: Regulation and Proposed Roles in Autoinducer-2 Synthesis and Purine Excretion

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