A numerical investigation of heat transfer of stratified melt with volumetric heat release in the bottom layer

Stratification and Segregation Under Laminar Convection

“…The occurrence of temperature or concentration stratification in the volume of liquidIn is an important aspect in convective heat and mass transfer processes [4,5]. In addition, there is a wide range of processes and important applications where stratification with layered flows and segregation play a decisive role, for example, in the technological processes of obtaining new perfect materials from melts and solutions [14,15], environmental ecology [13], these are the tasks of storing and using liquid rocket fuel in tanks [10,11]; problems of a boiling [17], problems cooling electronic devices and safety of nuclear energy [19,46], cleaning indoor air from pollution, smoke, as well as from finely dispersed liquid inclusions infected with viruses, in particular, COVID-19, etc [32]. Convective processes of heat and mass stratification can have large-and micro-scale character with laminar and turbulent flows and their studies are determined by different goals.…”