A numerical investigation on the lateral resistance of frictional sleepers in ballasted railway tracks

Zakeri, Jabbar Ali; Esmaeili, Morteza; Kasraei, Ahmad; Bakhtiary, Arash

doi:10.1177/0954409714543507

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In particular, as reported in Zakeri and Barati, 29 the resistance offered by the base depends on the vertical load, while that related to the crib and shoulder is essentially related to the internal friction of the ballast and the volume of the grains involved by the sleepers movements. 30 Most of the studies carried out till now on the strength contributions of the ballast are essentially sensitivity analysis performed by the FE method (to cite a few, see literature 31–34 ). In ERRI Committee D202, 22 literature data and ERRI test results are analysed for the particular case of the unloaded track.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the ballast–sleeper interaction in the longitudinal and lateral directions

Iorio

Grasso

Penta

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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In service, railway tracks must withstand the transverse and longitudinal forces that are caused by running vehicles and thermal loads. The mechanical design that adopts any of the track models available in the technical literature requires that the strength of the track is fully characterised. In this paper, the results of an experimental research activity on the sleeper–ballast resistance along the lateral and the longitudinal directions are reported and discussed. In particular, the work is aimed at identifying the strength contributions offered by the base, the ballast between the sleepers, and the ballast shoulder to the global resistance of the track in the horizontal plane. These quantities were experimentally determined by means of an ad hoc system designed by the authors. Field tests were carried out on a series of track sections that were built to simulate scenarios in which the ballast was removed from the crib and/or the shoulder. The results of this study indicate that the strength percent contributions from the crib, the sleeper base, and the shoulder are, respectively, equal to about 50%, 25%, and 25% in the lateral direction, and 60%, 30%, and 10% in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the comparison of the acquired data with literature results reveals that a detailed knowledge about the testing conditions and the activated ballast failure mechanisms is needed in order to correctly use the test data for the design purpose.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the ballast–sleeper interaction in the longitudinal and lateral directions

Iorio

Grasso

Penta

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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“…26 In Iran, the steel slag ballast was adopted in a test track as a part of Hassan Abad-Diziche railway route in Isfahan province. 15 Reviewing the technical literature reveals various methods for increasing the lateral resistance in ballasted tracks such as using frictional sleepers, 27,28 use of vertical wings in wooden and concrete sleepers 29 , utilizing the Y-shaped sleepers and installation of lateral wings and frame sleeper. [30][31][32][33] As a special case, application of in situ polyurethane geo-composite beams known as Xia Track has been proposed to improve the passive shoulder resistance of a railway track.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental comparison of the lateral resistance of tracks with steel slag ballast and limestone ballast materials

Esmaeili

Nouri

Yousefian

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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Extending the use of continuous welded rails by eliminating the weak points (expansion joints) of a railway track especially in sharp curves, which has resulted in increasing the operational speed and axle load of rolling stocks, enhances the special attention to the issue of track lateral resistance. In this regard, the ballast layer interaction with sleepers plays a crucial role in providing the track lateral stability. In many railway projects supplying the appropriate ballast materials has encountered serious restrictions owing to the lack of qualified ore and also their long distance to the project's site. With the development of steel industry, the quantity of production and accumulation of steel slag as a waste material has increased. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to the use of this material as railway ballast. According to the physical and mechanical characteristics of steel slags, such as high specific gravity and the granular roughness respect to the limestone ballast, the usage of slag ballast can improve the track lateral stability. In this research, many field experiments were conducted on tracks with steel slag ballast and limestone ballast materials considering the same gradation. In this matter, several single tie push tests were carried out on both tracks with various ballast geometries. The ballast depth was considered as 30, 40, and 50 cm and the shoulder ballast width was equal to 30 and 40 cm. Moreover, the shoulder ballast height was chosen 0 and 10 cm. Consequently, the lateral resistance of both tracks was measured and compared in the same conditions. In overall, the obtained results confirmed a 27% increase in lateral resistance of track with steel slag ballast respect to that with limestone ballast.

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“…Consequently, taking into account the economic aspects, despite the higher resistance of the winged panel and due to its slight difference with the mixed panel, selecting a mixed panel can be a more economical option to provide lateral resistance. [5] frictional sleeper 65 Zakeri et al [6] steel sleepers with vertical stiffeners 140 Zakeri and Talebi [7] Utilizing new technologies in the existing railway tracks sleeper anchors 19 Sabaghi [8] polyurethane bonding method 100 ~ 184 Jing et al [9] under sleeper pads 20 Pucillo et al [10] baby gabion 40 Darkhosh [12] geogrid 29 ~ 42 Esmaeili et al [13] Changing track geometry and maintenance plan increasing ballast shoulder 15 ~ 20 Kabo [14] increasing ballast shoulder 16 ~ 22 Zakeri et al [15] tamping operation -43 Sussmann et al [16] mechanical stabilization 31 Sussmann et al [16]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing shoulder width has a considerable effect on lateral resistance. The increase in shoulder width increases the resisting wedge's volume and weight against the lateral displacement of the sleeper [1,15]. Track resistance decreases after tamping operation and mechanical stabilization of the track will compensate for a part of the lost resistance [16].…”

Section: C) Changing Track Geometry and Maintenance Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Effect of Winged Sleeper on Lateral Resistance of Ballasted Track

Zakeri

Hassanrezaei

2020

Scientia Iranica

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Nowadays, the benefits of continuous welded rails and engineers' tendency toward such types of tracks have increased the importance of railways' lateral stability. For increasing railways' stability, lateral resistance development mechanism should be reinforced. One of the methods for reinforcing the passive pressures' mechanism at sleeper's end and, therefore, increasing tracks' durability is the utilization of winged sleepers. In this paper, lateral resistance of conventional and winged sleepers is examined and compared using laboratory and field tests. The tracks' lateral resistant force was measured by single sleeper push test and track panel loading test. In the laboratory, single sleeper push tests showed 101% increase in lateral resistance in the winged sleeper compared with the conventional sample. In the field test, the test track was divided into three parts, namely conventional sleeper part, winged sleeper part and mixed part (alternating between conventional and winged sleepers). The lateral resistance of each part was measured by LTPT. In the field test, 96% increase in lateral resistance was obtained. Winged sleeper panels and mixed sleeper panels showed 71% and 59% resistance increase, respectively, compared with the conventional panel. By using winged sleepers in ballasted tracks, lateral displacements decreased by increasing the shoulder and crib ballast's volume through the passive pressure mechanism.

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A numerical investigation on the lateral resistance of frictional sleepers in ballasted railway tracks

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

On the ballast–sleeper interaction in the longitudinal and lateral directions

On the ballast–sleeper interaction in the longitudinal and lateral directions

Experimental comparison of the lateral resistance of tracks with steel slag ballast and limestone ballast materials

Experimental Investigation on Effect of Winged Sleeper on Lateral Resistance of Ballasted Track

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