A numerical study of noontime bite-outs in F2-region electron density

Jiang, Chunhua; Wang, Wenbin; Yang, Guobin; Zhao, Zhengyu

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.09.042

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous studies also suggested that the plasma temperature can affect the generation of ionospheric bite-outs (Chen et al, 2021;Jiang et al, 2023;Zhang et al, 2000). The higher temperature associated with low background density can strengthen the diffusion effects during sunrise hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The TEC and NmF2 shown in simulations of TIEGCM (Figures 6 and 7) also display the lower values in summer, which could be the critical factors for the similarly higher occurrences of ionospheric bite-outs during this season. Moreover, Jiang et al (2023) reproduced mid-latitudinal ionospheric bite-outs by using the TIEGCM through changing some dynamic parameters. Through increasing ambipolar diffusion or decrease vertical ion drifts and so on, ionospheric bite-outs successfully appear at middle latitudes and their occurrence times can be closer to the observations (around noontime).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The upward E × B drift driven by eastward electric field can push the plasma to the higher altitudes, causing the decrease in the electron density of F2 layer, while the integrated content along the fixed path doesn't deplete. Furthermore, the equatorial fountain effects associated with eastward equatorial electric field can supply iono-spheric plasma density especially TEC (Houminer & Soicher, 1996) and suppress both bite-outs at EIA crest (Chen et al, 2020(Chen et al, , 2021Jiang et al, 2023;Wang et al, 2021). Therefore, the local upward E × B drift added by the distinct suppression effects of the equatorial fountain could result in the larger difference between TEC and NmF2 bite-outs in the EIA crest region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, it should be noted that our simulation results generally show the equatorial TEC and NmF2 bite-outs but cannot fully reproduce the ionospheric bite-outs at middle latitudes. Zhang et al (2000), Chen et al (2021), andJiang et al (2023) suggested that lower O/N2 could promote the generation of ionospheric bite-out. Furthermore, the occurrence rate of ionospheric bite-out had the anti-correlation with the relevant background TEC (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertical E × B drifts associated with the eastward equatorial electric field typically account for the ionospheric bite-outs in the equatorial and low-latitudinal regions (Abur-Robb, 1969;Adebesin et al, 2018;Baxter & Kendall, 1968;Jiang et al, 2023;Rajaram, 1977;Rastogi, 1966;Wang et al, 2021). In comparison to the processes at the equator and low latitudes, the field-aligned transports induced by the meridional winds could play an important role in generating ionospheric bite-outs at middle latitudes (Abur-Robb, 1969;Chen et al, 2021;Jiang et al, 2023;Katamzi et al, 2016;Khan et al, 1985;Kohl & King, 1967;Saryo et al, 1989;Wang et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2000). In addition, background ionosphere condition, thermospheric composition and geomagnetic activity could also affect ionospheric bite-outs (Chen et al, 2021;Pi et al, 1993;Sojka et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Ionospheric Bite‐Outs Between Observations From Beidou GEO TEC and Ionosonde Over East Asia

Wang,

Huang,

Lei

et al. 2023

JGR Space Physics

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In this study, the daytime bite‐outs were systematically compared between the total electron content (TEC) and peak electron density of F2 layer (NmF2) data using observations from Beidou GEO receivers and ionosondes over East Asia. Moreover, the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulation Model simulations were also employed to analyze the underlying physical mechanisms. There was an obvious difference in the occurrence rate of bite‐outs between TEC and NmF2, although bite‐outs from both data sets showed similar seasonal and latitudinal dependences. Interestingly, the differences in the bite‐out occurrence rates also varied with season and latitude. Their difference, which showed the opposite trend to the occurrence rates themselves, became prominent in equinoxes and less evident in June solstice, peaking at the equatorial ionization anomaly crest. In addition, the occurrence times of bite‐outs were different as observed in TEC and NmF2 sometimes. Bite‐out in TEC tended to start earlier than that in NmF2 at middle latitudes, whereas an opposite pattern was seen at low latitudes. On the contrary, TEC bite‐out often died away earlier than NmF2 bite‐out regardless of the latitudes. The simulations suggested that the vertical E × B drifts associated with zonal equatorial electric fields and the meridional neutral winds could play crucial roles in the characteristics of both bite‐outs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Ionospheric Bite‐Outs Between Observations From Beidou GEO TEC and Ionosonde Over East Asia

Wang,

Huang,

Lei

et al. 2023

JGR Space Physics

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Annular solar eclipse effects observed over Mexico on October 14, 2023: a multi-instrument study

Sergeeva,

Gonzalez-Esparza,

Maltseva

et al. 2024

Advances in Space Research

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Global Distribution of Ionospheric Topside Diffusive Flux and Midlatitude Electron Density Enhancement in Winter Nighttime

Li,

Hao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Ionospheric topside diffusive flux is derived using Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation data, to investigate its global distribution and also its role in winter nighttime enhancement (WNE) of electron density. The flux of the winter hemisphere maintains downward throughout the night. It is much larger between and geomagnetic latitudes and keeps increasing until 22:00–00:00 LT. It peaks at W and E–E geographic longitudes during the December solstice, and at E during the June solstice. These features are similar to those of WNE in NmF2. Furthermore, the derived flux is applied as the upper boundary condition to run the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM). The simulated spatial‐temporal variations of WNE are consistent with the observations. The results indicate that downward plasma diffusion from the plasmasphere is the major mechanism of WNE, and the simulation quantifies its contribution.

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A numerical study of noontime bite-outs in F2-region electron density

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Comparison of Ionospheric Bite‐Outs Between Observations From Beidou GEO TEC and Ionosonde Over East Asia

Comparison of Ionospheric Bite‐Outs Between Observations From Beidou GEO TEC and Ionosonde Over East Asia

Annular solar eclipse effects observed over Mexico on October 14, 2023: a multi-instrument study

Global Distribution of Ionospheric Topside Diffusive Flux and Midlatitude Electron Density Enhancement in Winter Nighttime

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