A numerical, thermo-mechanical model for the welding and subsequent loading of a fabricated structure

Incremental Analysis of Nonlinear Structural Mechanics Problems with Applications to General Shell Structures

“…Thus it is more convenient to move the term to the right side and include its contribution as part of the iteration on displacements that is performed to reach convergence. This is suggested in Hibbitt [ 11].…”

“…Since the formulation presented in Chapter 2 does not require the computation of the initial stress, i.e., geometric stiffness matrix, one would expect the running time to be less for this theory. The formulation of this study took 57 percent of the time required for the theory presented by Hibbitt [ 11]. One would not expect this same reduction in all cases since as size the problem gets larger, the computation of stiffness matrices becomes a smaller part of the total computing …”

Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress and Strain Behavior After Temperature Modification

“…With the advancement of modern computers and computational techniques (for example, the finite-element and finite-difference method), a renewed effort has been made in recent years to study residual stresses and related phenomena. Therefore, it is now possible using computer programs to simulate the transient thermal stresses and metal movement during welding, as well as, the residual stresses and distortion that remain after welding is completed as found by (Tall, 1991 ;Hibbit & Marcel, 1972;Muraki et. al., 1975;Rybicki et.…”

Guidelines and procedures for design of nuclear system components at elevated temperature

“…15-48, American S o c i e t y of Mechanical E n g i n e e r s , New York, 1972. 12. S. Timoshenko, S t r e n g t h of Materials, 3 To c a r r y o u t r a t i o n a l d e s i g n a n a l y s e s and a s s e s s m e n t s , i t i s n e c e s s a r y t h a t t h e e s s e n t i a l s i g n i f i c a n t f e a t u r e s of t h e o v e r a l l b e h a v i o r b e i d e n t i f i e d and understood.…”

“…3 B i l i n e a r R e p r e s e n t a t i o n s of C y c l i c S t r e s s -S t r a i n Curves-Ramp Change. I n u s i n g t h e b i l i n e a r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s f o r t h e i n i t i a l monotonic c u r v e and t h e t e n t h -c y c l e c u r v e i n a n a n a l y s i s , t h e s i z e of t h e i n i t i a l y i e l d s u r f a c e , which i s used f o r t h e i n i t i a l monot o n i c l o a d i n g i n t o t h e p l a s t i c r e g i o n , i s determined by K~.…”