A nursing assessment tool for adults with fecal incontinence

Norton, Christine; Chelvanayagam, Sonya

doi:10.1067/mjw.2000.109082

Cited by 11 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Because incontinence is associated with stigma and reluctance in reporting, inquiring about incontinence when performing a health history or assessment of community-living patients has been recommended. 15,16 The findings of this study support that inquiring about and assessing for IAD in community-living patients with incontinence is important as well. Supplementing patient teaching about using a mirror for assessing for IAD in the perineal area with written materials with diagrams or practice in the clinic setting may be beneficial.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Of the 98 subjects who assessed their skin for IAD in this study, 45 had a history of IAD 16 and 32 of those (71%) developed IAD during this study. There was no significant difference in the incidence of IAD between men vs women (12% vs 40%, p =.35) and older (≥ 65 years) vs younger subjects (40% vs 37% p =.61).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of those who developed IAD during the prospective follow-up in this study, 80% (32/40) had reported a history of IAD on a previous survey. 16 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Incidence and Characteristics of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in Community-Dwelling Persons With Fecal Incontinence

Funk

Jacobson

Savik

2015

Journal of Wound, Ostomy &Amp; Continence Nursing

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Purpose Little is known about the incidence and characteristics of incontinence associated dermatitis (IAD) in community-living individuals with fecal incontinence. The primary aim of this study was to describe the incidence and characteristics of self-reported IAD among community-living individuals with fecal incontinence. The study also examined whether IAD was associated with older age, gender, presence of urinary incontinence, or fecal incontinence severity. Design Secondary data analysis using a prospective cohort design. Subjects and Setting Community-living adults (N = 98) with fecal incontinence (76% female, 34% aged 65+ years, 90% White) who participated in a study about dietary fiber supplementation and were free of IAD at the start. Thirty five percent also had urinary incontinence. Methods Subjects assessed their skin for IAD daily for 52 days reporting types of IAD damage (redness, rash/fungal infection, and skin loss), location of IAD, and symptoms. They reported fecal incontinence on a diary for the first and last 14 study days. Results The incidence of IAD was 41% (40/98). The fecal incontinence severity score for subjects developing IAD was 1.2 higher than those who never had IAD (p < .001). There was no significant association of IAD with age, gender, or dual fecal and urinary incontinence. Incontinence Associated Dermatitis developed within 2 weeks and healed in approximately 1 week. The most common sign and symptom were redness (60% patients) and soreness (78%), respectively. Most subjects (85%) had IAD in one location. Conclusions Assessing for IAD in community-living patients with fecal incontinence is important as IAD is common and causes discomfort. The relatively mild severity of IAD offers WOC nurses opportunity for improving patient outcomes by preventing and managing this problem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and Characteristics of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in Community-Dwelling Persons With Fecal Incontinence

Funk

Jacobson

Savik

2015

Journal of Wound, Ostomy &Amp; Continence Nursing

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“…Norton and Chelvanayagam 30 reported that some women with FI feel socially restricted, and in severe cases, remained in the home due to FI. More women than men in our study expressed the negative impact of FI on social interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Literacy and Emotional Responses Related to Fecal Incontinence

Patel

Savik

2010

Journal of Wound, Ostomy &Amp; Continence Nursing

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Purpose The primary purpose was to begin to examine continence literacy of individuals with fecal incontinence (FI) by describing terms by which these individuals referred to FI and to explore their emotional responses to FI. A secondary aim was to compare differences in these results between male versus female and younger (< 65 yrs) versus older persons with FI. Design Secondary analysis of data collected prospectively in a clinical trial of fiber supplementation for FI. Methods Content analysis of participants’ statements reported in field notes of data collectors and their responses to data forms and questions. Results Six thematic categories of terms for FI emerged. Only one person used the term “fecal incontinence.” Alternate terms described stool characteristics, named other gastrointestinal problems, or referred to FI using a term that seemed to depersonalize the problems. Emotional responses to FI focused on the influence of bothersome symptoms of FI, interference with social activities, and need for control. Others showed use of humor for coping and emotional benefits gained from being in a study. Women were impacted by the social limitations of having FI more than men. Younger people expressed feelings of emotional upset. Conclusion There is need to increase health literacy about fecal incontinence. Continence nurse specialists are well qualified to educate patients about FI and to evaluate if higher continence literacy increases reporting of FI. Understanding the various emotional responses to FI may guide the optimal support that nurses can provide and facilitate better management of FI.

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“…Figure 2 outlines the evidence-based assessment and treatment protocol. 1,9,16,[22][23][24][25][26] The intervention consisted of a 1-off assessment by a nurse 22 leading to (1) targeted patient and carer education; (2) provision of booklet; and (3) diagnostic summary and treatment recommendations sent to the patient's general practitioner (GP), and ward physician if in hospital. The nonspecialist study nurse received simple practice-based training in bowel management.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Constipation and Fecal Incontinence in Stroke Patients

Harari

Norton

Lockwood

et al. 2004

Stroke

112

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Background and Purpose-Despite its high prevalence in stroke survivors, there is little clinical research on bowel dysfunction in this population. This is the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate treatment of constipation and fecal incontinence in stroke survivors. Methods-Stroke patients with constipation or fecal incontinence were identified by screening questionnaire (122 community, 24 stroke rehabilitation inpatients) and randomized to intervention or routine care (73 per group). The intervention consisted of a 1-off structured nurse assessment (history and rectal examination), leading to targeted patient/carer education with booklet and provision of diagnostic summary and treatment recommendations (after consultation with geriatrician) to patient's general practitioner (GP)Ϯward physician. Results-Percentage of bowel movements (BMs) per week graded as "normal" by participants in a prospective 1-week stool diary was significantly higher in intervention versus control patients at 6 months (72% versus 55%; Pϭ0.027), as was mean number of BMs per week (5.2 versus 3.6; Pϭ0.005). There was no significant reduction in fecal incontinence, although numbers were small. At 12 months, intervention patients were more likely to be modifying their diets (odds ratio . GP prescribing of laxatives and suppositories was significantly influenced at 12 months. Conclusions-A single clinical/educational nurse intervention in stroke patients effectively improved symptoms of bowel dysfunction up to 6 months later, changed bowel-modifying lifestyle behaviors up to 12 months later, and influenced patient-GP interaction and physician prescribing patterns.[

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A nursing assessment tool for adults with fecal incontinence

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Incidence and Characteristics of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in Community-Dwelling Persons With Fecal Incontinence

Incidence and Characteristics of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in Community-Dwelling Persons With Fecal Incontinence

Health Literacy and Emotional Responses Related to Fecal Incontinence

Treatment of Constipation and Fecal Incontinence in Stroke Patients

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